Sains Ma1aysiana 26(3&4): 73-79 (1997)                                                                                     Sains Bumi/

                                                                                                                                                                 Earth Sciences

Study of Cohesive Sediment using Ultrasound

Othman A. Karim

Dept. of Civil & Structural Engineering Faculty of Engineering

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E. MALAYSIA

Martin Crapper

Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering

University of Edinburgh, UK

K. H. M. Ali

Dept. of Civil Engineering

University of Liverpool, UK

ABSTRACT

The study of cohesive sediment in the laboratory gives rise to a number of instrumentation problems, especially in the location of mud bed, fluid mud and hindered settling layers and in the measurement of flow velocities. This paper describes the application of medical diagnostic ultrasound technique in the cohesive sediment study conducted at the University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. This paper illustrates that the use of ultrasound technique creates a reasonably flexible environment for the study of fluid mud phenomenon in which bed formation and flow velocities can be measured easily, accurately and non-intrusively. This in turn will assist in development of computer models to predict the environmental impact, siltation rates and dredging requirements in both new and existing ports and harbour developments.

ABSTRAK

Kajian endapan berjeleket di dalam makmal mengalami pelbagai masalah peralatan, terutamanya bagi menentukan lokasi dasar lumpur, pengenapan terhalang dan pengukuran halaju aliran. Dalam makalah ini diterangkan penggunaan teknologi diagnosis perubatan ultrabunyi dalam kajian endapan berjeleket, yang dijalankan di University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. Ditunjukkan bahawa penggunaan teknologi ultrabunyi keadaan yang begitu boleh suai bagi kajian fenomenon lumpur yang pembentukan dasar dan halaju aliran dapat diukur dengan mudah, tepat dan tanpa gangguan. lni seterusnya dapat membantu di dalam pembangunan model komputer bagi menjangka kesan sekitaran, kadar enapan dan keperluan mengorek bagi pembangunan kawasan pelabuhan baru dan sedia ada.

RUJUKAN/REFERENCES

Ali K.H.M. & Crapper M.1993. Measuring techniques including the application of medical ultrasound technology to the laboratory study of fluid mud, B-5-4. Proc. 25th I.A.H.R. Congress, Tokyo, Japan, Aug.-Sept: 166-173.

Hussey, M. 1985. Basic physics and technology of medical diagnostic ultrasound. United Kingdom: MacMillan Publishers Limited.

Odd N.V.M. & Rodger J.G. 1986. An analysis of the behaviour of fluid mud in estuaries. Report no. SR 84, Hydraulics Research Wallingford Ltd., March.

Operation Manual for Pulse Doppler Unit (Model SDL-01A). 1982. Toshiba Corporation, Japan, Document No. 2B760-003EA, Sept.

Parker, W.R. 1989 Definition and determination of the bed in high concentration fine sediment regimes. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue 5: 175-185.