Sains Malaysiana 36(2): 149-157 (2007)

Sorption Parameters of Pb and Cu on Natural Clay
Soils from Selangor, Malaysia

(Parameter Penjerapan Logam Pb dan Cu oleh Tanah

Lempung dari Selangor, Malaysia)

Wan Zuhairi W. Y. & Abdul Rahim S.

Program Geology

School of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources

Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Received : 22 February 2007 / Accepted: 2 April 2007

ABSTRACT

The sorption parameters of two heavy metals (i.e. Pb and Cu) in clay soils from Selangor were studied using batch equilibrium test.  The test was conducted in two separate systems, i.e. single and mix solutions.  The sorption isotherms data from this test were then used to calculate the sorption parameters, i.e. distribution coefficient (K_d) and maximum adsorption capacity (A_m). Langmuir sorption equation was used to model the sorption data with the correlation coefficients (r²) higher than 0.6.  The study has revealed that different soils have different sorption capacity for different heavy metals.  The K_d values are proportional to the sorption capacity of the soils.  The sorption of Pb and Cu in single solution is higher than in mix solution, due to the competition for sorption sites among heavy metals in mix solution.  The K_d values for Pb in single solution ranging from 36.18-334.48 L/g and for Cu is 9.29-66.19 L/g.  In mix solution, the K_d values for Pb and Cu are much smaller, ranging from 23.13-31.79 L/g and 3.95-18.53 L/g respectively.  The A_m values in single solution for both Pb and Cu are ranging from 0.48-1.09 mg/g dan 0.18-0.70 mg/g respectively.  While in mix solution, the values of A_m for Pb ranging from 0.20-1.11 mg/g and Cu within 0.18-0.60 mg/g.

Keywords: Adsorption; Langmuir; distribution coefficient; maximum adsorption capacity

ABSTRAK

Parameter penjerapan dua logam berat (Pb dan Cu) oleh tanah lempung di kawasan Selangor dikaji dengan menggunakan kaedah ujian keseimbangan berkelompok.  Ujian dilakukan dalam dua sistem, iaitu sistem larutan tunggal dan sistem larutan campuran.  Data isoterma penjerapan dari ujian ini digunakan untuk mengira parameter penjerapan, iaitu nilai pekali taburan (K_d) dan nilai penjerapan maksima (A_m).  Persamaan penjerapan Langmuir digunakan untuk memodelkan data penjerapan dengan nilai pekali korelasi (r²) lebih dari 0.6.  Kajian ini menunjukkan tanah yang berbeza mempunyai kapasiti penjerapan yang berbeza untuk logam berat yang berbeza.  Nilai K_d berkadar langsung dengan nilai penjerapan maksima.  Penjerapan logam Pb dan Cu dalam larutan tunggal adalah lebih tinggi berbanding larutan campuran, disebabkan oleh kesan perebutan tapak perlekatan oleh logam berat dalam larutan campuran.  Nilai K_d untuk Pb dalam larutan tunggal berjulat 36.18 -334.48 L/g dan untuk Cu ialah 9.29-66.19 L/g.  Dalam larutan campuran, nilai K_d untuk Pb dan Cu adalah lebih kecil, masing-masing berjulat dari 23.13-31.79 L/g dan 3.95-18.53 L/g.  Nilai A_m dalam sistem larutan tunggal berjulat untuk Pb dan Cu masing-masing berjulat dari 0.48-1.09 mg/g dan 0.18-0.70 mg/g.  Dalam sistem larutan campuran pula, nilai A_m untuk Pb berjulat dari 0.20-1.11 mg/g manakala untuk Cu berjulat dari 0.18-0.60 mg/g.

Kata kunci: Jerapan; Langmuir; nilai pekali taburan; nilai penjerapan maksim

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