Sains Malaysiana 37(2): 185-188 (2008)

Kesan Pendedahan Logam Ni,  Fe dan Mn  Terhadap

Pertumbuhan Anabaena flos-aquae  dalam Kultur Statik

(Effects of Ni, Fe and Mn Exposures Towards the Growth

of Anabaena floss-aquae in the Batchculture)

Khairiah Jusoh, Mohd. Fahmi Ismail, Shaanaz Mohd. Yusof

Tunisah Risman, Mushrifah Idris

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Nik Marzuki Sidik

Pusat Pengajian BioSains dan Bioteknologi

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM  Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Ahmad Mahir Razali

Pusat Pengajian Sains Matematik,

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Lee Yook Heng

Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi Makanan

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, 43600 UKM, Bangi,

Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: Januari 2007 / Diterima: 26 Julai 2007

ABSTRAK

Tujuan utama kajian ini ialah untuk meneliti kesan pendedahan logam-logam berat seperti Ni, Fe dan Mn terhadap pertumbuhan Anabaena flos-aquae iaitu sejenis sianobakteria yang biasa ditemui di kawasan air tawar. Hasil kajian di makmal  menunjukkan bahawa pendedahan logam Ni ke atas A. flos-aquae adalah paling toksik berbanding dengan Fe dan Mn. Nilai LC₅₀ 96 jam untuk Ni ialah 0.321 mg/mL (kira-kira 30% perencatan). Manakala Mn adalah yang kedua toksik diikuti dengan Fe dengan nilai LC₅₀ 96 jam masing-masing ialah 0.684 mg/mL dan 3.020 mg/mL. Kajian ini membuktikan bahawa walaupun Fe dan Mn adalah mikronutrien yang perlu untuk kebanyakan sianobakteria tetapi dalam kepekatan yang terlalu tinggi, ia boleh mengakibatkan kesan ketoksikan. Perbezaan nilai ketoksikan antara Fe dan Mn terhadap A. flos-aquae adalah sebanyak lima kali dan ini menunjukkan bahawasianobakteriaini adalah lebih toleran kepada Fe berbanding Mn.

Kata kunci:  Sianobakteria; logam berat; pertumbuhan; kesan ketoksikan; peratus perencatan

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of exposure of heavy metals such as Ni, Fe and Mn on the growth of the cyanobacteria Anabaena flos-aquae, which can be found in fresh water environment.  Results of the experiments showed that exposure of A. flos-aquae to Ni caused the most toxic effect as compared to exposure with Fe and Mn. The 96 hr LC₅₀ value for Ni exposure was 0.321 mg/mL (approximately 30% inhibition), whereas Mn was the second most toxic metal followed by Fe with the 96 hr LC₅₀ values of 0.684 mg/mL and 3.020 mg/mL respectively.  This study demonstrated that even though Fe and Mn are essential micronutrients for A. flos-aquae, both show toxic effects at high concentrations. The difference in the toxicity value between Fe and Mn for A. flos-aquae is five times and this indicates that Mn was five times more toxic to A. flos-aquae than Fe suggesting that the Cyanobacteria is more tolerant to Fe when compared with Mn.

Keywords:  Cyanobacteria; heavy metal; growth; toxic effect; percentage of inhibition

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