Sains Malaysiana 37(4): 395-399  (2008)

 

Fabrication of Porous Hydroxyapatite for Bone Graft

Substitutes via Gas Technique

(Fabrikasi Hidroksiapatit Poros Melalui Teknik Gas

sebagai Tulang Geraf Gantian)

 

 

Mohd Reusmaazran Yusof & Idris Besar

Malaysian Nuclear Agency

Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor D. E. Malaysia

 

Roslinda Shamsudin & Syafiq Baharuddin

School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D. E. Malaysia

 

 

Received :  2 October 2007 / Accepted :   22 February 2008

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) as a bone graft substitute was produced via gas technique with three different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) namely 20, 30 and 50%. Hydroxyapatite(HA) slurries with different concentration were produced by mixing between H₂O₂ solutions and HA powder (L/P) with different ratio i.e. 0.9 to 2.20 ml.g^-1. Different L/P ratio and H₂O₂ concentration affected the porosity, interconnectivity and compressive strength of HAp sample. Changes in L/P ratio between 0.9 to 2.20 ml.g^-1, increases the porosity around 50 - 65% at 20% H₂O₂ concentration. Porosity increases with the L/P values and H₂O₂ concentration which 76% of porosity was obtained at 50% H₂O₂ and 2.20 mlg^-1 of L/P. The compressive strength of HAp is in the range of 0.5 to 2.15 MPa and is found decreasing with the increasing of L/P values.

 

Keywords:  Compressive strength; interconnectivity; porous hydroxyapatite; porosity

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Hidroksiapatit poros (HAp) sebagai tulang geraf gantian sintetik dihasilkan melalui teknik gas dengan menggunakan gas hidrogen peroksida (H₂O₂) pada kepekatan 20, 30 dan 50%. Buburan hidroksiapatit(HA) dihasilkan daripada nisbah larutan H₂O₂ terhadap serbuk HA (L/P) antara 0.9 hingga 2.20 mlg^-1 bagi memperolehi kelikatan buburan yang berlainan. Kepekatan larutan H₂O₂ dan nisbah L/P yang berbeza mempengaruhi keporosan, keterjalinan hubung antara liang dan kekuatan mampatan sampel HAp. Perubahan L/P antara 0.9 hingga 2.20 mlg^-1 telah meningkatkan keporosan sebanyak 50 - 65% pada 20% kepekatan larutan H₂O₂. Keporosan meningkat dengan nilai L/P  dan kepekatan larutan H₂O₂ dimana 76% keporosan dicapai pada kepekatan 50% larutan H₂O₂ dan L/P sekitar 2.20 mlg^-1. Kekuatan mampatan HAp adalah antara 0.5 hingga 2.15 MPa dan didapati menurun dengan peningkatan nisbah L/P.

 

Kata kunci: Hidroksiapatit poros; kekuatan mampatan; keporosan; kerterjalinan hubung 

 

 

REFERENCES/RUJUKAN

 

Bignon, A., Chouteau, J., Chevalier, J.,Fantozzi, G. Carret. J.P., Chavassieux, P. Boivin, G., Melin, M. & Hartmann, D. 2003. Effect of micro and macroporosity of bone substitutes n their mechanical properties and cellular response. Materials Science: Material in Medicine 14: 1089-1097

Hing, K. A., Best, S. M. & Bonfield, W. 1999 Characterization of porous hydroxypapatite. Materials Science: Material in Medicine 10: 135-145.

Melynykowycz, J & Carotenuto, C. 2000. Mechanical characterization of porous hydroxyapatite scaffold. J. of Biomedical Research 46: 73-80.

Reusmaazran M. Y., Idris B., Rusnah M. and Rohaida C. H. 2004. HAp physical investigation.  Malaysian Med. J. 59: 79-80.

Rivera, M., E., Diaz, J. R., Rodriguez, J. R. Brostow, W. & Castano V. M. 2001. Hydroxyapatite spheres with controlles porosity for eye ball prosthesis: processing and characterization. Materials Science: Material in Medicine 12: 305-311.

Ryu, H. S., Kim, S. J., Kim, J. H., Kim H. and Hong K. S. 2004. Fabrication of 1-dimensional porous hydroxyapatite and evaluation of its osteoconductivity 2004. Materials Science: Material in Medicine 15: 276-273.

Tampieri, A., Celotti, G., Szontagh, F. & Landi E. 1997. Sintering and characterization of HA and TCP bioceramics with control of their strength and phase purity. Materials Science: Material in Medicine 8: 29-37.

Wan K, Roslinda S., & Daud A.R. D. 2005. Injectable hydroxyapatite - β-tricalcium phosphate-calcium phosphate biocement. Sains Malaysiana 34(2): 67-70.

Yang, H. Y. & Wang, M. 1999. Investigation into manufacture of porous hydroxyapatite via three different route. Proceedings of the 12^th International Syimposium on Ceramics in Medicine. pp 349-352.

Yoshio, O., Tashiro, K. & Yoshiro A. 1997. Preparation and compressive strength behavoiur of porous ceramics with β-Ca(PO₃)₂ fiber skeletons. Journal of American Ceramics Society 80(11): 225 231.