Sains Malaysiana 38(3): 353-358(2009)

Ketoksikan Logam Kuprum dan Nikel Terhadap Udang

Air Tawar macrobrachium lanchesteri

(Toxicity of Copper and Nickel to Freshwater Prawn Macrobarchium lanchesteri)

M. Shuhaimi-Othman*, Y. Nadzifah, R. Nur-Amalina & A. Ahmad

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan (UKM)

43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 10 February 2008 /Accepted: 24 August 2008

ABSTRAK

Macrobrachium lanchesteri dewasa telah didedahkan selama empat hari di dalam makmal kepada satu siri kepekatan
logam kuprum (Cu) dan nikel (Ni). Masa kematian median (LT50) dan kepekatan kematian median (LC50) dikira
berdasarkan data kematian yang diperolehi. Di akhir hari yang ke-4, udang yang masih hidup digunakan untuk penentuan
biopemekatan logam. Nilai LT50 dan LC50 didapati meningkat dengan pengurangan kepekatan dan masa pendedahan
bagi kedua-dua logam (Cu dan Ni). Nilai LC50 untuk 24, 48 dan 96 jam bagi Cu masing-masing adalah 261.6, 171.6
dan 32.3 μg/L dan bagi Ni 30786.3, 28534.7 dan 8056.6 μg/L. Biopemekatan logam Cu dan Ni oleh M. lanchesteri
meningkat dengan peningkatan kepekatan pendedahan dan logam Cu didapati lebih toksik terhadap M. lanchesteri
berbanding logam Ni.

Kata Kunci:  Akut; Biopemekatan; Logam Berat; Macrobrachium Lanchesteri

ABSTRACT

Adult  Macrobrachium lanchesteri were exposed for a four-day period in the laboratory condition to a range of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) concentrations. The mortality was assessed and median lethal times (LT50) and concentrations (LC50) were calculated. At the end of four-day period, the survived prawns were used to determine bioconcentration of the metals. LT50 and LC50 increased with decrease in mean exposure concentrations and times respectively for the two metals (Cu and Ni). LC50s for 24, 48 and 96 hours for Cu were 261.6, 171.6 and mg/L and for Ni 30786.3, 28534.7 and 8056.6 mg/L respectively. Copper and Ni bioconcentration in M. lanchesteri increases with increase in concentration exposure and Cu was more toxic than Ni to M. lanchesteri.

Keywords: Acute; bioconcentration; heavy metal; Macrobrachium lanchesteri 

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*Corresponding author; email: shuhaimi@ukm.my