Sains Malaysiana 41(4)(2012): 431-437

Pembangunan Inokulum untuk Penghasilan Lipid dan Asid Gamma

Linolenik (GLA) oleh Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1

(Inoculum Development for Lipid and Gamma Linoenic Acids Production by

Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1)

Farhila Muhid, Abdul Jalil Abdul Kader, Wan Mohtar Wan Yusoff,

Othman Omar & Aidil Abdul Hamid*

Pusat Pengajian Biosains dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 5 February 2010 / Accepted : 2 November 2011

ABSTRACT

Inoculum for a local isolate of oleaginus fungi, Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1 was developed by establishing the inoculum types, age and size for growth, lipid and gamma linolenic acid (GLA) production. Cultivation was carried out in 500 mL shake flask containing 200 mL of nitrogen limiting medium at 30°C and 250 rpm agitation. Direct inoculation of spores into the production cultures gave higher productivity of lipid production 0.71 (g/L/day) than using 24 and 48 vegetative cells cultures which gave only 0.51 and 0.45 (g/L/day), respectively. Besides, production of GLA (5.3 × 10-2 g/g lipid less biomass) in the cultures which directly inoculated with spores (1 × 105 spores/mL) was 23% higher than those produced in the cultures started with vegetative cells. Spore concentration of 1 × 103 spores/mL produced pelletal growth in size of 1.04 mm which contain 40% (g/g biomass) lipid and 8.34 × 10-2 (g/g lipid less biomass).

Keywords: Cunninghamella bainieri; gamma linolenic acid; inoculum; lipid; pellet

ABSTRAK

Ciri inokulum bagi pengkulturan kulat oleaginus pencilan tempatan, Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1 dibangunkan dengan mengenal pasti kesan jenis, umur dan saiz inokulum terhadap pertumbuhan, penghasilan lipid dan GLA. Pengkulturan dijalankan pada suhu 30ºC dengan kadar goncangan 250 rpm dalam kelalang goncangan 500 mL yang mengandungi 200 mL medium terhad nitrogen. Inokulum spora didapati lebih sesuai berdasarkan produktiviti penghasilan lipid yang tinggi iaitu 0.71 (g/L/hari) berbanding penggunaan inokulum sel vegetatif vegetatif 24 jam dan 48 jam yang masingmasing memberikan produktiviti hanya 0.51 dan 0.45 (g/L/hari). Selain itu, penghasilan GLA (5.3 × 10-2 g/g biojisim tanpa lipid) dalam kultur yang dimulakan dengan inokulum spora (1 × 105 spora/mL) didapati lebih tinggi sebanyak 23% berbanding inokulum sel vegetatif. Kepekatan spora sebanyak 1 × 103 spora/mL menghasilkan morfologi pellet bersaiz 1.04 mm dan berkadaran dengan kandungan lipid dan GLA masing-masing sebanyak 40% (g/g biojisim) dan 8.34 × 10-2 (g/g biojisim tanpa lipid).

Kata kunci: Asid gamma linolenik; Cunninghamella bainier; inokulum; lipid; pelet

REFERENCES

Bajpai, P.K., Bajpai, P. & Ward, O.P. 1991. Arachidonic acid production by fungi. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57: 1255-1258.

Certik, M., Andrasi, P. & Sajbidor, J. 1996. Effect of extraction methods on lipid yield and fatty acid composition of lipid classes containing γ-Linolenic acid extracted from fungi. JAOCS 73: 357-365.

Chaney, A.L. & Marbach, E.P. 1962. Modified reagents for the determination of ammonium and urea. Clinical Chemistry 8: 130-132.

Fan, Yang-Yi & Chapkin, R.S. 1998. Importance of Dietary γ-Linolenic Acid in Human Health and Nutrition. Journal of Nutrition 128 (9): 1411–1414.

Folch, J., Lees, M. & Sloane-Stanley, G.H. 1957. A simple method for isolation of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal Biology Chemistry 226: 497-509.

Hiruta, O., Futamura, T., Takebe, H., Satoh, A., Kami-saka, Y., Yokochi, T., Nakahara, T. & Suzuki, O. 1996. Optimization and scale up of γ-linolenic acid production by Mortierella ramanniana MM15-1, a high γ-linolenic acid producing mutant. Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering 82: 366-370.

Horrobin, D.F. 1992. Nutritional and medical importance of γ-linolenic acid. Progess in Lipid Research 31: 163-194.

Kendrick, A. & Ratledge, C. 1992. Lipids of selected molds grown for production of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipids 27: 15-20.

Ratledge, C. 1997. Microbial Lipids: Products of Secondary Metabolism. Biotechnology 7: 135-137.

*Corresponding author; email: aidilah@ukm.my