Sains Malaysiana 41(9)(2012): 1071–1077

Optimization of Protein Content in Earthworm-based Fish Feed Formulation

for Catfish (Clarius gariepinus)

Pengoptimuman Kandungan Protein di dalam Formulasi Makanan Ikan-Berasaskan

Cacing Tanah untuk Ikan Keli (Clarius gariepinus)

Zarina Zakaria*, Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh, Alina Rahayu Mohamed,

N.G. Ahmad Anas & Siti Nur Amirah Idris

School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

Received: 13 September 2011 / Accepted: 25 April 2012

ABSTRACT

The optimization of protein content in earthworm-based fish feed formulation was investigated in the study. Full factorial design (FFD) and central composite design (CCD) were used as a statistical tool to screen the range of the selected parameters and to optimize the process, respectively. Three components were combined in the fish feed formulation namely earthworm powder, chicken guts and soybean waste as the protein source. The optimum nutritional values were obtained at 25%, 25% and 5.95% for earthworm powder, soybean waste and chicken guts, respectively, to give an optimum protein content of 35.97%. Formulation of fish feed from earthworm powder can be an alternative in aquaculture industry in the near future.

Keywords: Catfish; earth worm powder; fish feed formulation; optimization

ABSTRAK

Pengoptimuman kandungan protein dalam formulasi makanan ikan berasaskan cacing tanah dikaji. Reka bentuk Faktorial Penuh dan Reka bentuk Komposit Berpusat telah digunakan untuk analisis dalam kajian ini bagi mengenal pasti julat parameter terpilih serta mengoptimum proses masing-masing. Tiga komponen telah digabungkan dalam formulasi makanan ikan iaitu tepung cacing tanah, usus ayam dan sisa kacang soya sebagai sumber protein. Nilai nutrisi optimum yang diperoleh adalah masing-masing 25%, 25% dan 5.95% bagi tepung cacing tanah, sisa kacang soya dan usus ayam yang memberikan kandungan protein optimum 35.97%. Formulasi makanan ikan dengan tepung cacing tanah boleh menjadi alternatif dalam industri akuakultur di masa hadapan.

Kata kunci: Formulasi makanan ikan; ikan keli; pengoptimuman; tepung cacing tanah

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*Corresponding author; email: zarinaz@unimap.edu.my