Sains Malaysiana 42(9)(2013): 1219–1229

 

Life-history Traits of the Threatened Freshwater Fish Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton 1822) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in the Ganges River, Northwestern Bangladesh

(Ciri Sejarah Kehidupan Ikan Air Tawar Terancam Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton 1822)

(Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) di Sungai Ganges, Barat Laut Bangladesh)

 

 

Md. Yeamin Hossain1*, Mst. Monira Khatun1, Saleha Jasmine1, Md. Mosaddequr Rahman1, Sharmin Jahan1, Md. Abu Sayed Jewel1 & Jun Ohtomi2

1Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

 

2Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-20-50 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056

Japan

 

Received: 13 December 2012 /Accepted: 2 February 2013

 

ABSTRACT

The threatened Reba carp, Cirrhinus reba is a freshwater fish species found in ponds, rivers, canals and tanks of Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan. The present study describes the first complete and inclusive description of life-history traits including sex ratio, length-frequency distributions (LFD), length-weight relationships (LWR), condition factors (Allometric, KA; Fulton’s, KF; Relative condition, KR; Relative weight, WR), form factor (a3.0) and size at first sexual maturity of C. reba in the Ganges River, NW Bangladesh. Sampling was done using traditional fishing gears including cast net, square lift net and conical trap from April 2011 to March 2012. The total length (TL), fork length (FL) and standard length (SL) were measured to the nearest 0.01 cm using digital slide calipers and total body weight (BW) was measured using an electronic balance with 0.01 g accuracy. The LWR was calculated using the expression: W= a Lb, where W is the BW, L the TL. The size at first sexual maturity of  C. reba was estimated using the empirical equation by Binohlan and Froese (2009) for male and female, separately. A total of 250 specimens ranging from 8.00 cm – 23.40 cm TL and 4.30 g – 200 g BW were analyzed in this study. The overall sex ratio did not differ significantly from the expected value of 1:1 (χ2 = 3.38, p< 0.05), but there was significant differences in the TL-frequency distributions (Mann-Whitney U-test, p< 0.001) between male (median = 12.00 cm) and female (median = 15.80 cm). The calculated b for the LWR indicated positive allometric growth (> 3.00) in male and female and there was significant differences in the intercepts (ancova, p< 0.001) and in the slopes (ancova, p< 0.001) between the sexes. In addition, the Mann-Whitney U-test showed significant differences in the Fulton’s condition factor between male and female (p< 0.001). The one sample t-test showed that the mean WR (actual mean = 99.50) did not differ from 100 for male (p= 0.523) and female (p= 0.197) in this study, indicating the habitat was still in good condition for C. reba. Moreover, the size at sexual maturity of male and female C. reba were estimated as 11.50 cm TL and 13.50 cm TL, respectively. The results of this study would be useful for the sustainable conservation of this threatened carp fishery in Bangladesh and also neighboring countries.

 

Keywords: Bangladesh; Cirrhinus reba; condition factor; length-weight relationship; sex ratio; threatened

 

ABSTRAK

Ikan karp terancam Cirrhinus reba merupakan ikan air tawar yang dijumpai di kolam, sungai, terusan dan tangki di Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal dan Pakistan. Kajian ini menerangkan ciri sejarah kehidupan C. reba secara lengkap pertama kali di Sungai Ganges, Barat Laut Bangladesh daripada segi nisbah jantina, taburan frekuensi kepanjangan (LFD), hubungan panjang-berat (LWR), faktor keadaan (allometrik, KA; Fulton’s, KF; keadaan relatif, KR; berat relatif, WR), faktor bentuk (a3.0) dan saiz kematangan jantina terawal. Pensampelan dijalankan dengan menggunakan alat penangkap termasuk jaring sapuan, jaring angkat segi empat dan penangkap konikal dari bulan April 2011 hingga Mac 2012. Panjang keseluruhan (TL), panjang capah (FL) dan panjang piawai (SL) diukur hingga ke 0.01 paling dekat dengan menggunakan kaliper slaid digital dan berat badan keseluruhan (BW) diukur dengan menggunakan pemberat elektronik yang mempunyai ketepatan 0.01 g. LWR dihitung berdasarkan ekspresi W= a Lb, dengan W adalah BW dan L adalah TL. Saiz pada kematangan terawal C. reba dihitung berdasarkan persamaan empirikal Binohlan dan Froese (2009) untuk jantan dan betina secara berasingan. Sebanyak 250 spesimen dengan TL berjulat 8.00-23.40 cm dan BW berjulat 4.30-200 g dianalisis dalam kajian ini. Nisbah jantina keseluruhan tidak menunjukkan perbezaan signifikan daripada nilai jangkaan 1:1 (χ2 = 3.38, p<0.05), tetapi perbezaan signifikan diperoleh dalam taburan frekuensi-TL (ujian-U Mann-Whitney, p<0.001) antara jantan (median = 12.00 cm) dan betina (median = 15.80). Nilai b bagi LWR menunjukkan pertumbuhan allometrik positif (>3.00) dalam jantan dan betina dan perbezaan signifikan diperoleh dalam pintasan (ancova, p<0.001) dan cerunan (ancova, p<0.001) antara jantina. Tambahan pula, ujian-U Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perbezaan signifikan dalam faktor keadaan Fulton’s antara jantan dan betina (p<0.001). Ujian-t satu sampel menunjukkan min WR (min sebenar = 99.50) tidak berbeza daripada 100 untuk jantan (p=0.523) dan betina (p=0.197) dalam kajian ini. Ini menunjukkan habitat masih dalam keadaan baik untuk C. reba. Saiz pada kematangan jantina terawal bagi jantan dan betina C. reba dianggarkan pada 11.50 cm TL dan 13.50 cm TL masing-masing. Hasil daripada kajian ini bermanfaat kepada pemuliharaan mampan perikanan ikan karp di Bangladesh dan juga negara jirannya.

 

Kata kunci: Bangladesh; Cirrhinus reba; faktor keadaan; hubungan panjang-berat; nisbah jantina; terancam

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*Corresponding author: email: yeamin2222@yahoo.com

   

 

 

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