Sains Malaysiana 43(11)(2014): 1645–1655

Population Biology of the Indian River Shad, Gudusia chapra (Clupeidae) in the Old Brahmaputra River, North-Eastern Bangladesh

(Populasi Biologi Shad, Sungai India Gudusia chapra (Clupeidae) di Sungai Brahmaputra Lama, Timur Laut Bangladesh)

FERDOUS AHAMED¹*, ZOARDER FARUQUE AHMED², MD. YEAMIN HOSSAIN³

& JUN OHTOMI⁴

¹Department of Fisheries Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University

Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

²Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

³Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi

Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

⁴Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata

Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan

Received: 27 January 2013/Accepted: 17 March 2014

ABSTRACT

Population biology including population structure, reproduction, length-weight relationship and condition factor of a commercially important clupeid freshwater fish, Gudusia chapra was studied in the Old Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh during January-December 2009. In the present study, a total of 2032 specimens (1091 male; 941 female) were collected. The overall sex ratio showed significant difference from the expected value 1:1 (male: female = 1:0.86, χ2 = 11.07, p<0.001). Length-frequency distribution showed a size predominance of females over males, where mean female size consistently exceeded that of males throughout the year. Female size at first sexual maturity was estimated as 8.3 cm in standard length (SL). Monthly gonadosomatic index (GSI) was higher during March-September with a peak in April, indicating this was the main spawning season. The allometric coefficient b of the length-weight relationship (LWR) indicated negative allometric growth in males and females, but the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed significant differences in slope and intercept between the sexes (p<0.001). Fulton’s condition factor by months and SLs varied in both sexes and was attributed to variations in GSI with maturity.

Keywords: Clupeidae; gonadosomatic; Gudusia chapra; index; management; population biology

ABSTRAK

Populasi biologi termasuk struktur populasi, pembiakan, hubungan panjang-berat dan keadaan faktor yang penting secara komersial ikan klupeid air tawar, Gudusia chapra telah dikaji di Sungai Lama Brahmaputra, Bangladesh sepanjang Januari-Disember 2009. Dalam kajian ini, sejumlah 2032 spesimen (1091 jantan; 941 betina) telah dikumpulkan. Nisbah jantina secara keseluruhan menunjukkan perbezaan yang ketara daripada jangkaan nilai 1:1 (jantan: betina = 1:0.86, χ2 = 11.07, p<0.001). Pembahagian panjang-kekerapan menunjukkan saiz betina kepradominaan berbanding jantan dengan purata saiz betina secara konsisten melebihi jantan sepanjang tahun. Saiz kematangan seksual pertama pada betina adalah dianggarkan sebagai 8.3 cm mengikut piawai panjang (SL). Indeks bulanan gonadosomatik (GSI) adalah lebih tinggi semasa bulan Mac-September dengan puncak pada bulan April yang menunjukkan ini adalah musim bertelur yang utama. Pekali hubungan alometrik b panjang-berat (LWR) menunjukkan pertumbuhan alometrik negatif dalam jantan dan betina, tetapi analisis kovarians (ANCOVA) menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan antara jantina dalam cerun dan pintasan (p<0.001). Faktor keadaan Fulton mengikut bulan dan SLs berubah dalam kedua-dua jantina dan ini disebabkan oleh perubahan dalam GSI dengan matang.

Kata kunci: Biologi penduduk; Clupeidae; gonadosomatik; Gudusia chapra; indeks; pengurusan

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*Corresponding author; email: ferdous_bau04@yahoo.com