Sains Malaysiana 43(2)(2014): 161–168

Growth Performance, Sexual Reproduction and Clonal Propagation of Iris japonica

Thunb. Natural Populations in Contrast Reciprocal Habitats on Jinyun Mountain, China

(Prestasi Pertumbuhan, Pembiakan Seks dan Perambatan Klon bagi Populasi Semula Jadi Iris japonica

Thunb. dalam Habitat Resiprokal Bertentangan di Gunung Jinyun, China)

QING-YU LI¹, JIAN-PING TAO², ZHANG-CHENG ZHONG²& YONG-JIAN WANG*¹

¹College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University

Wuhan 430070, China

²Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges, Reservoir Region

(Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University

Chongqing 400715, China

Received: 16 January 2013/Accepted: 18 May 2013

ABSTRACT

Growth performance, sexual reproduction and clonal propagation of I. japonica population in contrast reciprocal habitats; Open Area of Forest Edge (OAFE) and Bamboo Forest (BF) on Jinyun Mountain were studied to understand adaptability of growth and reproductive of I. japonica in different habitats. The results were as follows: quantitative characteristics of growth and clonal propagation of I. japonica at genet (a group of genetically identical individuals, consists of whole ramets) level and at ramet (a unit composed of a shoot and root, with independent morphological and physiological traits in the same genet) level were higher in BF. However, quantitative characteristics of sexual reproduction at genet and ramet level were higher in OAFE. Biomass and allocation also showed the same trend as quantitative characteristics. Reproductive components (at ramet level) were significantly different and had trade-off in contrast reciprocal habitats. Allocation to clonal propagation and sexual reproduction of mother ramet was significantly negative correlation with allocation to daughter ramet (especially in BF). There was a trade-off between reproduction components (allocation to sexual reproduction and clonal propagation of mother ramet) in OAFE. Therefore, it showed predominantly sexual reproduction in OAFE and clonal propagation in BF. The results indicated that the contrast environmental stress shaping growth performance and reproduction variation of I. japonica in genet and ramet level in contrasting habitats might pronounce adaptive population differentiation among forest habitats.

Keywords: Contrast reciprocal habitat; genet; reproductive allocation; trade-off

ABSTRAK

Prestasi pertumbuhan, pembiakan seks dan perambatan klon bagi populasi I. japonica dalam habitat resiprokal bertentangan; Kawasan Pinggiran Hutan Terdedah (OAFE) dan Hutan Buluh (BF) di Gunung Jinyun telah dikaji untuk memahami keupayaan beradaptasi pertumbuhan dan pembiakan I. japonica dalam habitat yang berbeza. Keputusan adalah seperti berikut: ciri kuantitatif pertumbuhan dan perambatan klon bagi I. japonica pada peringkat genet (sekumpulan individu mempunyai genetik seiras yang terdiri daripada keseluruhan ramet) dan ramet (satu unit terdiri daripada pucuk dan akar dengan ciri morfologi dan fisiologi yang bebas dalam genet yang sama) adalah lebih tinggi dalam BF. Biojisim dan peruntukan juga menunjukkan corak yang sama seperti ciri kuantitatif. Komponen pembiakan (pada peringkat ramet) berbeza secara signifikan dan menunjukkan pampasan dalam habitat resiprokal bertentangan. Peruntukan kepada perambatan klon dan pembiakan seks bagi ramet induk betina menunjukkan korelasi negatif secara signifikan dengan peruntukan terhadap ramet anak (terutamanya dalam BF). Pampasan diperhatikan antara komponen pembiakan (peruntukan terhadap pembiakan seks dan perambatan klon bagi ramet induk betina) dalam OAFE. Oleh itu, pembiakan seks ditunjukkan secara dominan dalam OAFE dan perambatan klon dalam BF. Keputusan kami menunjukkan tekanan persekitaran bertentangan yang membentuk pretasi pertumbuhan dan variasi pembiakan I. japonica pada peringkat genet dan ramet dalam habitat bertentangan mungkin membawa kepada pembezaan populasi adaptif antara habitat hutan.

Kata kunci: Genet; habitat resiprokal bertentangan; pampasan; peruntukan pembiakan

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*Corresponding author; email: wangyj@mail.hzau.edu.cn