Sains Malaysiana 43(3)(2014): 331–338

Nilai Taksonomi Ciri Anatomi Daun Genus Schoutenia Korth. (Malvaceae subfam. Brownlowioideae)

(Taxonomic Value of Leaf Anatomical Characterisctics in Schoutenia Korth. (Malvaceae subfam. Brownlowioideae))

M.N. NURHANIM¹, T. NORAINI¹*, R.C.K. CHUNG², C.A.C. NURUL-AINI¹& A.R. RUZI¹

¹Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, BANGI Selangor, Malaysia

²Botany and Herbarium Unit, Division of Biodiversity and Environment

Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 3 December 2012/Accepted: 6 June 2013

ABSTRAK

Kajian anatomi dan mikromorfologi daun telah dijalankan ke atas lima takson dalam genus Schoutenia Korth. (Malvaceae subfam. Brownlowioideae). Lima takson yang dipilih dalam kajian ini ialah S. kunstleri, S. leprosula, S. accrescens subsp. accrescens, S. accrescens subsp. borneensis dan S. accrescens subsp. stellata. Kajian anatomi melibatkan kaedah hirisan dengan mikrotom gelongsor pada bahagian petiol, lamina, tulang daun dan tepi daun, kaedah penjernihan lamina dan kaedah siatan epidermis daun, penjernihan dengan larutan peluntur, pewarnaan dengan Safranin dan Alcian Blue, pelekapan Canada Balsam dan cerapan bawah mikroskop cahaya. Kajian mikromorfologi melibatkan kaedah pendehidratan, titik pengeringan kritikal, saduran emas dan cerapan bawah mikroskop imbasan elektron. Objektif kajian ialah untuk melihat nilai taksonomi ciri anatomi dan mikromorfologi daun dalam genus yang dikaji. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat sembilan ciri sepunya, tujuh ciri variasi yang boleh digunakan untuk pembezaan spesies dan dua ciri diagnostik yang boleh digunakan untuk pengecaman spesies. Ciri tersebut ialah corak hiasan kutikel pada S. kunstleri dan juga kehadiran sel kolenkima lamela pada S. accrescens subsp. stellata. Hasil kajian menunjukkan ciri anatomi serta mikromorfologi daun dalam genus Schoutenia mempunyai nilai taksonomi terutama dalam pembezaan dan pengecaman pada peringkat spesies dan subspesies.

Kata kunci: Ciri anatomi daun; ciri mikromorfologi daun; Schoutenia

ABSTRACT

Leaf anatomy and micromorphology study was carried out on five selected taxa in the genus Schoutenia Korth. of Malvaceae subfam. Brownlowioideae. The five chosen taxa were S. kunstleri, S. leprosula, S. accrescens subsp. accrescens, S. accrescens subsp. borneensis and S. accrescens subsp. stellata. The leaf anatomy study involved procedures such as cross sections using sliding microtome on the petioles, lamina, midribs and marginal, leaf clearing, leaf epidermis mechanical scrapping and observation under light microscope. Leaf micromorphology study involved procedures such as dehydration, critical point drying, gold coating and observation under scanning electron microscope. The objective of the study was to investigate the taxonomic value of leaf anatomical and micromorphological characteristics of the genus Schoutenia. Findings in this study have shown that there were nine common characters present in all the species studied, seven variable characters that can be used in species differentiation and two diagnostic characters are useful in identification of S. kunstleri via cuticular ornamentation and S. accrescens subsp. stellata via the presence of collenchyma lamella. This study showed that leaf anatomical and micromorphological characteristics have taxonomic value in the genus Schoutenia and can be used in species and subspecies differentiation.

Keywords: Leaf anatomical characteristics; leaf micromorphological characteristics; Schoutenia

REFERENCES

Bayer, C., Fay, M.F., De Bruijn, A., SaJilidainen, V., Morton, C.M., Kubitzki, K., Alverson, W.S. & Chase, M.W. 1999. Support for an expanded family concept of Malvaceae within a recircumscribed order Malvales: A combined analysis of plastid atpB and rbcL DNA sequences. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 129: 267-303.

Babos, K. 2000. Comparative morphological and anatomical study on leaves of two Cuban Rondeletia taxa. Acta Botanical Hungary 42(1-4): 49-54.

Buijsen, J.R.M. 1995. Leaf anatomy of Harpullia, Majidea and Conchopetalum (Sapindaceae). Blumea 40: 345-361.

Dickison, W.C. 2000. Integrative Plant Anatomy. San Diego: Harcourt Academic Press.

Hickey, L.J. 1973. Classification of architechture of dicotyledons leaves. American Journal of Botany 60: 17-33.

Johansen, D.A. 1940. Plant Microtechnique. New York and London: McGraw-Hill.

Khatijah, H., Noraishah, A.S. & Mat-Salleh, K. 2000. Comparative leaf anatomy of Uvaria Linn., Cyathostemma Griff. and Ellipeia Hook. f. et Thomson (Annonaceae) from Malaysia. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 8(3): 215-224.

Khatijah, H. & Zaharina, M.S. 1996. The leaf of Pterygota alata (Roxb.) R. BR., Kleinhovia hospita L. and Commersonia bartramia (L.) Merr. (Sterculiaceae). Malaysian Applied Biology 25(1): 41-49.

Kochummen, K.M. 1973. Tiliaceae. Dlm Tree Flora of Malaya. Jilid. 2. Disunting oleh Whitmore, T.C. Kuala Lumpur: Longman.

Kocsis, M., Darok, J. & Borhidi, A. 2004. Comparative leaf anatomy and morphology of some neotrical Rondeletia (Rubiaceae) species. Plant Systematic Evolutionary 248: 205-218.

Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L. 1950. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Jilid. I. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L. 1979. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Jilid. I. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Noraini, T., Hussin, K. & Ibrahim, H. 2005. Comparative leaf anatomy of Alpinia species (Zingiberaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 23: 463-483.

Pillans, N.S. 1947. A revision of Bruniaceae. Journal of South African Botany 13: 121-206.

Saas, J.E. 1958. Botanical Microtechnique. Jilid ke-3. Calcutta: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.

Sosef, M.S.M., Hong, L.T. & Prawirohatmodjo, S. 1998. Timber Trees: Lesser Known Timber (Proses 5.3) (PROSEA: Plant Resources of South-East Asia). The Netherland: Backhuys Publishers.

Stace, C.A. 1965. Cuticular studies as an aid to plant taxonomy. Bulletin of the British Museum Natural History Botany 4: 1-78.

Wilkinson, H.P. 1979. The plant surface (mainly leaf). Part 1: Stomata. Dlm Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Jilid ke-2, disunting oleh Metcalfe, C.R. & Chalk, L. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.

Wong, K.M., Saw, L.G. & Kochummen, K.M. 1987. A survey of the forests of the Endau Rompin area, Peninsular Malaysia: Principal forest types and floristic notes. Malayan Nature Journal 41: 125-144.

Wu, D., Wang, H., Lu, J.M. & Li, D.Z. 2005. Comparative morphology of leaf epidermis in Parnassia (Parnassiaceae) from China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 43: 210-224.

*Corresponding author; email: norainitalip@yahoo. com