Sains Malaysiana 43(3)(2014): 415–421

Kesan Ekstrak Metanol Piper sarmentosum terhadap Kecederaan Oksidatif Hepar Tikus Aruhan Parasetamol

(The Effects of Methanolic Extract of Piper sarmentosum on Paracetamol-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Injury in Rats)

M.F. NUR AZLINA*, H.M.S. QODRIYAH, A.H. HAMIZAH & Y. KAMISAH

Jabatan Farmakologi, Fakulti Perubatan, Pusat Perubatan UKM

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz

50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 13 Oktober 2011/Diterima: 8 Jun 2013

ABSTRAK

Piper sarmentosum atau kaduk mengandungi aras naringenin iaitu antioksidan semula jadi yang tinggi. Dalam kajian ini, model hepatotoksisiti aruhan parasetamol telah digunakan untuk menentukan kesan antioksidan ekstrak metanol kaduk. Lapan belas ekor tikus Wistar jantan (200-250 g) telah dibahagikan kepada tiga kumpulan. Satu kumpulan diberi ekstrak metanol kaduk pada dos 500 mg/kg secara oral, sementara kumpulan lain menerima larutan pengangkut secara oral selama 28 hari. Selepas 28 hari, kumpulan yang menerima ekstrak kaduk (Kaduk+PCM) dan satu lagi kumpulan (PCM) diberi parasetamol sebanyak 1 g/kg berat badan tikus secara intraperitoneum, manakala kumpulan terakhir (kawalan) hanya diberi larutan pengangkut secara intraperitoneum. Selepas 24 jam, darah tikus diambil bagi pengukuran enzim aminotransferase. Tikus-tikus kemudiannya dibunuh dan sampel hepar diambil untuk pengukuran kandungan malondialdehid, protein karbonil dan aktiviti enzim superoksida dismutase. Terdapat penurunan yang signifikan pada kandungan malondialdehid dan protein karbonil serta peningkatan aktiviti enzim superoksida dismutase dalam kumpulan Kaduk+PCM berbanding kumpulan PCM. Walau bagaimanapun, tiada penurunan aras enzim aminotransferase yang signifikan dalam kumpulan Kaduk+PCM berbanding kumpulan PCM. Kesimpulannya, pemberian ekstrak metanol Piper sarmentosum sebanyak 500 mg/kg selama 28 hari mempunyai kesan perlindungan ke atas hepar tikus daripada kecederaan oksidatif aruhan parasetamol.

Kata kunci: Enzim aminotransferase; malondialdehid; parasetamol; Piper sarmentosum

ABSTRACT

Piper sarmentosum or kaduk has high content of naringenin, a natural antioxidant. In this study, paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity model was used to determine the antioxidant properties of kaduk. Eighteen male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into three groups. The treated group was given methanolic extract of kaduk at a dose of 500 mg/kg orally, while the other two groups received vehicle orally for 28 days. After 28 days, the treated group and another group (PCM) were given 1 g/kg paracetamol intraperitoneally, while the last group (Control) was only given vehicle intraperitoneally. After 24 h, their blood was collected for aminotransferase enzymes assay. Later, the rats were sacrificed and livers were harvested for determinations of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl contents and superoxide dismutase activity. There was a significant decrease in the contents of malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein as well as a significant increase in the superoxide dismutase activity in the Kaduk+PCM group compared to PCM group. However, there was no significant reduction in the aminotransferase enzyme activities in the Kaduk+PCM group compared with the PCM group. In conclusion, the administration of methanolic extract of Piper sarmentosum at the dose of 500 mg/kg for 28 days has the protective effects on the rat liver against paracetamol-induced oxidative injury.

Keywords: Aminotransferase enzymes; malondialdehid; paracetamol; Piper sarmentosum

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*Corresponding author; email: nazlina@medic.ukm.my