Sains Malaysiana 44(4)(2015): 599–605

Illness Perception as a Predictor of Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease: Comparison between Haemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

(Persepsi terhadap Penyakit sebagai Peramal kepada Kualiti Hidup Kesihatan Pesakit Buah Pinggang Tahap Akhir: Perbandingan antara Pesakit Hemodialisis dan Dialisis Peritoneum Ambulatori Berterusan)

NORHAYATI IBRAHIM¹*, NORELLA KONG CHIEW THONG², ASMAWATI DESA³ &

ROZMI ISMAIL³

¹Health Psychology Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

Jalan Raja Muda Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

²Nephrology/Dialysis and SLE Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur

Malaysia

³School of Psychology and Human Development, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 22 November 2013/Accepted: 17 January 2015

ABSTRACT

This cross-sectional study examined the influence of illness perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on either hemodialysis (HD) or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The Short Form-36 (SF-36) was used to measure HRQoL which comprised the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). Illness perception was evaluated using Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R). Both questionnaires were administered on 183 HD and 93 CAPD patients. The results showed that almost all HRQoL subscales except physical functioning and bodily pain were found to be significantly different between HD and CAPD patients. There are significant correlations between most components of illness perception with HRQoL. Significant illness perception predictors of PCS among HD patients were time line, consequences, cyclical and identity, whereas on CAPD patients were time line, illness coherence, emotional, cyclical and identity. Significant illness perception predictors of MCS among HD patients included time line, cyclical and identity and only time line was significant predictor of MCS on CAPD patients. These should be considered when developing intervention programmes to improve their HRQoL.

Keywords: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; end-stage renal disease; haemodialysis; health-related quality of life; illness perception

ABSTRAK

Kajian keratan rentas ini bertujuan meneliti pengaruh persepsi terhadap penyakit terhadap kualiti hidup kesihatan dalam kalangan pesakit buah pinggang tahap akhir yang menjalani rawatan hemodialisis (HD) and dialisis ambulatori peritoneum berterusan (CAPD). Alat ujian SF-36 telah digunakan untuk mengukur kualiti hidup kesihatan yang mengandungi komponen fizikal dan mental. Sementara itu, persepsi terhadap penyakit pula diukur menggunakan Soal Selidik Persepsi Penyakit Terpinda (IPQ-R). Kedua-dua alat ujian tersebut telah ditadbirkan ke atas 183 pesakit HD and 93 pesakit CAPD. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa hampir kesemua subskala kualiti hidup kesihatan kecuali kefungsian fizikal dan kesakitan badan didapati berbeza secara signifikan bagi pesakit HD dan CAPD. Kebanyakan komponen persepsi terhadap penyakit berkorelasi dengan kualiti hidup kesihatan pesakit. Komponen persepsi terhadap penyakit yang menjadi peramal kepada kualiti hidup kesihatan fizikal bagi pesakit hemodialisis ialah had masa, kesan, kitaran dan identiti. Sementara pemboleh ubah peramal bagi komponen kualiti hidup kesihatan mental bagi pesakit CAPD ialah had masa, koheren penyakit, emosi, kitaran dan identiti. Peramal yang signifikan ke atas kualiti hidup kesihatan komponen mental bagi pesakit HD termasuk had masa, kitaran dan identiti. Walau bagaimanapun hanya had masa sahaja yang menjadi peramal ke atas kualiti hidup kesihatan komponen mental bagi pesakit CAPD. Sehubungan itu sebarang program intervensi ke atas pesakit tersebut perlu memberi penekanan kepada beberapa pemboleh ubah persepsi terhadap penyakit bagi meningkatkan kualiti hidup pesakit.

Kata kunci: Dialisis ambulatori peritoneum berterusan; hemodialisis; kualiti hidup kesihatan; persepsi terhadap penyakit; pesakit buah pinggang tahap akhir

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*Corresponding author; email: norhayati70@gmail.com