Sains Malaysiana 44(4)(2015): 619–628

Synthesis, Characterization and DNA Binding Studies of [Ruthenium(II)(bpy)2L]2+ where L are Derivatives of imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthrolines

(Sintesis, Pencirian dan Kajian Pengikatan DNA [Rutenium(II)(bpy)2L]2+ dengan L adalah

Terbitan imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-fenantrolina)

T.T.C. TING, K.A. CROUSE & H. AHMAD*

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 8 July 2013/Accepted: 26 October 2014

ABSTRACT

Three novel ruthenium(II) complexes of the general formula [Ru(II)(bpy)2L]2+ were synthesized, where L = 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives of position 2 imidazole having 3,4-didecyloxy-phenyl (ddip), 3,4-ditetradecyloxy-phenyl (dtip) and 3,4-dihexadecyloxy-phenyl (dhip). All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR and ESI-MS. Their photophysical properties have also been studied by UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The complexes exhibit Ru(II) metal centered emission at approximately 610 nm in acetonitrile solution at room temperature. DNA binding studies were carried out by UV-visible titration, luminescence titration and viscosity studies. The results indicated that [Ru(bpy)2(ddip)]2+ binds to CT-DNA by partial intercalation mode, while [Ru(bpy)2(dtip)]2+ and [Ru(bpy)2(dhip)]2+ bind intercalatively via extended ligands.

Keywords: DNA binding; polypyridyl ligand; ruthenium(II) complex; transition metal complexes

ABSTRAK

Tiga rutenium (II) kompleks baharu, [Ru(II)(bpy)2L]2 + dengan L = 1,10 derivatif-fenantrolina daripada imidazola mempunyai 3,4-didesiloksifenil (L10), 3,4-ditetradesiloksi-fenil (L14) dan 3,4-diheksadisiloksi-fenil (L16) pada kedudukan 2 telah disintesis. Semua kompleks telah dicirikan oleh analisis unsur, spekstroskopi resonans magnet nukleus dan ESI-MS. Sifat fotofizikal juga dikaji melalui spektroskopi UV dan spektroskopi pendarfluor. Kompleks rutenium(II) mempunyai pusat pelepasan kira-kira 610 nm dalam larutan asetonitril pada suhu bilik. Pengikatan kompleks ini dengan CT-DNA juga dikaji menggunakan pentitratan UV-Vis, pentitratan luminesens dan juga ukuran kelikatan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa [Ru(bpy)2L10]2+ mengikat kepada CT-DNA oleh interkalasi separa manakala ikatan interkalasi terjadi apabila [Ru(bpy)2L14]2+ dan [Ru(bpy)2L16]2+mengikat kepada DNA melalui ligan.

Kata kunci: Ikatan DNA; logam peralihan kompleks; polipirifil ligan; rutenium(II) kompleks

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*Corresponding author; email: haslina_ahmad@upm.edu.my