Sains Malaysiana 44(7)(2015): 1011–1019

Evaluation on the Photocatalytic Degradation Activity of Reactive Blue 4 using Pure Anatase Nano-TiO2

(Penilaian pada Aktiviti Degradasi Fotopemangkinan daripada Reaktif Blue 4 menggunakan

Anatase Nano-TiO2 Tulen)

EMY MARLINA SAMSUDIN¹, SZE NEE GOH², TA YEONG WU², TAN TONG LING¹,

SHARIFAH BEE ABD. HAMID¹ & JOON CHING JUAN²*

¹Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), University of Malaya

50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

²Laboratory of Applied Catalysis and Environmental Technology, School of Science,

Monash University Malaysia Campus, 46150 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

Received: 24 November 2014/Accepted: 3 March 2015

ABSTRACT

Disposal of dye wastewater into water streams without treatment endangers human and marine lives. This work focused on the second largest class of textile dyes after azo dyes due to its high resistivity to biodegradation and high toxicity. The photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Blue 4 (RB4), an anthraquinone dye, has been investigated using pure anatase nano titanium (IV) oxide (TiO₂). The dye molecules were fully degraded and the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) enhanced the photodegradation efficiency. It is found that the degradation as the hydroxyl radicals in the bulk solution is sufficient for complete mineralisation. The disappearance of the dye follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. The effect of pH, amount of photocatalyst, UV-light intensity, light source and concentration of hydrogen peroxide was ascertained.

Keywords: Anthraquinone dye; hydrogen peroxide; photocatalysis; textile wastewater; TiO₂

ABSTRAK

Pembuangan air sisa pewarna ke dalam air sungai tanpa rawatan membahayakan kehidupan manusia dan marin. Penyelidikan ini memberi tumpuan kepada pewarna tekstil kelas kedua terbesar selepas pewarna azo kerana kerintangan yang tinggi untuk biodegradasi dan ketoksikan yang tinggi. Degradasi fotopemangkinan daripada Reaktif Blue 4 (RB4), satu pewarna antrakuinon, telah dikaji menggunakan anatase nano-TiO₂ tulen. Molekul pewarna diuraikan sepenuhnya dan penambahan hidrogen peroksida (H₂O₂) meningkatkan kecekapan fotopemerosotan. Didapati bahawa degradasi sebagai radikal hidroksil dalam penyelesaian pukal adalah mencukupi untuk mineral lengkap. Kehilangan pewarna adalah mengikut kinetik tertib pertama pseudo. Kesan pH, jumlah fotomangkin, keamatan cahaya UV, sumber cahaya dan kepekatan hidrogen peroksida telah ditentukan dalam kajian ini.

Kata kunci: Foto pemangkinan; hidrogen peroksida; pewarna antrakuinon; sisa air kumbahan tekstil; TiO₂

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*Corresponding author; email: jcjuan@um.edu.my