Sains Malaysiana 45(12)(2016): 1835–1841

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2016-4512-07  

 

Perlindungan Biokakisan Keluli Karbon Akibat Bakteria Penurun Sulfat yang Dipencil daripada Minyak Mentah Tropika

(Biocorrosion Protection of Carbon Steel due to Isolated Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria from Tropical Crude Oil)

MOHD NAZRI IDRIS^1,2*, ABDUL RAZAK DAUD¹, NURAKMA MAHAT¹, FATHUL KARIM SAHRANI³ & NORINSAN KAMIL OTHMAN¹

 

¹Pusat Pengajian Fizik Gunaan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Bahan dan Sumber Mineral, Universiti Sains Malaysia,

Kampus Kejuruteraan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

 

³Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 5 February 2016/Accepted: 26 May 2016

 

ABSTRAK

Ancaman biokakisan akibat aktiviti bakteria penurun sulfat (SRB) pada saluran paip keluli karbon dalam industri petroleum boleh menjejaskan kelancaran aliran pengangkutan minyak mentah dan meningkatkan kos pengoperasian. Usaha bagi melindungi keluli karbon serta pengawalan SRB masih memerlukan kajian yang berterusan. Dalam kajian ini, keberkesanan tetrametilamonium bromida (TMB), karboksimetil trimetilamonium (BTN) dan benzalkonium klorida (BKC) bagi melindungi keluli karbon di dalam persekitaran yang mengandungi SRB diuji melalui kaedah pengutuban elektrokimia dinamik (PED) dan morfologi keluli karbon dianalisis menggunakan mikroskop elektron imbasan. Analisis PED mendapati penggunaan TMB, BTN dan BKC masing-masing berupaya mengurangkan kadar kakisan sehingga 0.13, 0.56 dan 0.17 mm/thn berbanding 8.91 mm/thn pada larutan kawalan yang mengandungi SRB. Morfologi permukaan biofilem mengesahkan kadar pertumbuhan SRB serta hasilan metabolisme bakteria ini turut mengalami penyusutan. Kajian ini menunjukkan dua mekanisme kawalan kakisan didapati berlaku iaitu mekanisme perencatan kakisan melalui penjerapan sebatian amonium kuaterner pada permukaan keluli karbon serta berlakunya proses tindak balas mitigasi sebatian ini dengan bakteria SRB. Kesimpulannya, TMB, BTN dan BKC didapati berupaya melindungi keluli karbon daripada mengalami kakisan akibat aktiviti SRB.

 

Kata kunci: Bakteria penurun sulfat; biokakisan; keluli karbon

 

ABSTRACT

Biocorrosion menace of carbon steel pipeline in petroleum industry attributed to sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) activity is disrupting the crude oil transportation process and increase the operational cost. Efforts for protecting the carbon steel pipeline and controlling the SRB activities are continuously being researched. In this work, the effectiveness of tetramethylammonium bromide (TMB), carboxymethyl trimethylammonium (BTN) and benzalkonium chloride (BKC) for protecting carbon steel in environment containing SRB was studied by potential dynamic polarization (PED) method and the morphology of carbon steel surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. PED indicated that TMB, BTN and BKC were capable of reducing the corrosion rate to 0.13, 0.56 and 0.17 mm/yr, respectively, as compared with 8.91 mm/yr of control medium, which contained SRB. The morphology of surface biofilm proven that the rate of SRB growth and their metabolism product has also been reduced. This study suggested that there are two mechanisms of corrosion protection i.e. the present quaternary ammonium compounds inhibited the corrosion process on account of adsorption mechanism, meanwhile the mitigation process of SRB and their activities occurred due to interaction process between the quaternary ammonium compounds and SRB itself. In conclusion, TMB, BTN and BKC are able to protect the carbon steel from actively corroding due to SRB activities.

 

Keywords: Biocorrosion; carbon steel; sulfate-reducing bacteria

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*Corresponding author; email: nazriselama@gmail.com