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Sains Malaysiana 45(2)(2016): 229–235
Evaluation
of Antioxidant Properties, Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of
Gynura
procumbens (Compositae)
(Penilaian Sifat Antioksidan, Kesitotoksikan dan Ketoksikan Oral
Akut Gynura procumbens (Compositae))
Wuen Yew Teoh1, Norhanom Abdul Wahab2, Jaime Stella Moses Richardson1 & Kae Shin Sim*1
1Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University
of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2Biology Division, Centre for Foundation Studies in Science, University
of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Received: 10 February 2015/Accepted: 5
August 2015
ABSTRACT
Gynura procumbens which is locally known as
'Sambung nyawa' in Malay and 'Feng Wei Jian' in Chinese, belongs
to the botanical family of Compositae. In this study, antioxidant
property of G. procumbens extracts was evaluated using DPPH radical
scavenging, metal chelating and β-carotene bleaching assays.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that evaluated
the cytotoxicity of G. procumbens extracts on human colon
cancer cells (HT-29,
HCT
116, HCT-15, SW480,
Caco-2) and human normal colon cells (CCD-18Co). The results showed
that ethyl acetate extract contained the highest total phenolic
content (172.68 mg of GAEs/g of extract) compared to methanol, hexane and water
extracts. Methanol extract possessed better overall antioxidant
activities while ethyl acetate extract demonstrated better cytotoxic
activity. At 24 h treatment, ethyl acetate extract demonstrated
selective cytotoxicity against HT-29
and HCT 116 cells with IC50 values
of 35.7 and 42.6 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, methanol
extract showed negligible level of toxicity when administered orally.
All the results indicated that G. procumbens may provide
benefits in prevention and treatment of cancer. Keywords: Acute oral toxicity; antioxidant;
cytotoxic; Gynura procumbens
ABSTRAK
Gynura procumbens yang dikenali sebagai 'Sambung
nyawa' dalam kalangan populasi Melayu dan 'Feng Wei Jian' dalam
kalangan populasi Cina, tergolong dalam keluarga botani Compositae.
Dalam kajian ini, aktiviti antioksidan ekstrak G. procumbens
dinilai dengan asai DPPH penyah radikal, pengkelatan logam dan pelunturan β-karotena.
Sepanjang pengetahuan kami, ini adalah laporan pertama yang menilai
sitotoksiti ekstrak G. procumbens terhadap sel kanser kolon
manusia (HT-29, HCT 116, HCT-15,
SW480,
Caco-2) dan sel biasa kolon manusia (CCD-18Co). Hasil kajian menunjukkan
bahawa ekstrak etil asetat mengandungi jumlah kandungan fenolik
yang paling tinggi (172.68 mg GAEs/g ekstrak) berbanding dengan
ekstrak metanol, heksana dan air. Ekstrak metanol mempunyai aktiviti
antioksidan yang lebih baik secara keseluruhan manakala ekstrak
etil asetat menunjukkan aktiviti sitotoksik yang lebih baik. Dalam
perlakuan 24 jam, ekstrak etil asetat menunjukkan kesitotoksikan Kata kunci: Antioksidan; Gynura procumbens; ketoksikan oral akut; kesitotoksikan
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*Corresponding author; email: simkaeshin@um.edu.my
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