Sains Malaysiana 45(2)(2016): 263–270

Physico-Mechanical Properties of Kenaf Pulp Cellulose Membrane

Cross-linked with Glyoxal

(Sifat Fiziko-Mekanik Membran Selulosa daripada Pulpa Kenaf yang

Ditaut-silang dengan Glioksal)

Anis Syuhada Mohd Saidi, Sarani Zakaria*, Chin Hua Chia, Sharifah Nabihah Syed Jaafar & Farah Nadia Mohammad Padzil

Bioresources and Biorefinery Laboratory, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,

Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 28 March 2015/Accepted: 3 July 2015

ABSTRACT

Cellulose was extracted from kenaf core pulp (KCP) by a series of bleaching processes (D) and alkali treatment (E) in the sequence of (DEED) and pretreated with acid hydrolysis in room temperature for 6 hours. The pretreated and non-treated cellulose were dissolved in lithium hydroxide/urea (LiOH/urea) and subsequently used to produce cellulose membrane cross linked with various percentages of glyoxal from 2.5 to 20%. The effects of acid hydrolysis pretreatment on solubility, crystallinity and morphology were investigated. The acid hydrolysis pretreatment leads to higher solubility of the cellulose solution. The formation of cellulose II and crystallinity index of the cellulose membrane were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cellulose membrane without acid hydrolysis pretreatment cross linked with higher percentage of glyoxal has higher tensile strength compared with the treated cellulose.

Keywords: Acid hydrolysis; aldehyde; cross linked; kenaf core pulp

ABSTRAK

Selulosa diekstrak daripada pulpa teras kenaf menerusi satu siri proses pelunturan (D) dan rawatan alkali (E) mengikut urutan (DEED). Kemudian, selulosa tersebut melalui pra-rawatan hidrolisis asid pada suhu bilik selama 6 jam. Selulosa yang melalui proses rawatan dan tanpa rawatan dilarutkan di dalam larutan litium hidroksida/urea (LiOH/urea) dan digunakan untuk penghasilan membran. Membran tersebut ditaut-silang dengan peratus glioksal yang berbeza iaitu 2.5 hingga 20%. Kesan pra-rawatan hidrolisis asid terhadap keterlarutan, kehabluran dan morfologi dikaji. Pembentukan selulosa II dan indeks kehabluran membran selulosa dikenal pasti dengan menggunakan pembelauan sinar-X (XRD). Membran selulosa tanpa pra-rawatan hidrolisis asid ditaut-silang dengan peratus glioksal yang lebih tinggi mempunyai kekuatan regangan yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan membran selulosa tanpa pra-rawatan.

Kata kunci: Aldehida; hidrolisis asid; pulpa teras kenaf; taut-silang

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*Corresponding author; email: szakaria@ukm.edu.my