Sains Malaysiana 45(5)(2016): 729–733

Demand Feeding System Using an Infrared Light Sensor for Brown-marbled Grouper Juveniles, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus

(Penggunaan Sensor Cahaya Inframerah dalam Sistem Suapan Permintaan untuk Juvana Kerapu Harimau, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)

YUKINORI MUKAI*¹, NAI HAN TAN¹, MUHAMMAD KHAIRULANWAR ROSLI²

 & CHUNG FAN LIAU³

¹Department of Marine Science, Kulliyyah of Science,International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia

²INOCEM Research Station, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kampung Cherok Paloh, 26160 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia

³School of Engineering and Information Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Received: 29 March 2015/Accepted: 17 September 2015

ABSTRACT

In general, demand feeding devices are equipped with a mechanical trigger switch. Such a switch is not suitable for juvenile fish with a small body size, because the body weight is insufficient to trigger the feeder. An infrared light sensor that does not require the fish to push a feeder switch is more suitable for small fish. The brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus is an important fish species in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study was to compare the growth rates (GRs) of brown-marbled grouper juveniles reared using customised demand feeding devices with an infrared light sensor (the infrared light demand feeder (IRDF) group) and automatic feeding devices (the automatic feeder (AF) group). The results indicated that GRs of standard lengths and body weights showed no significant differences using one-way analysis of variance; however, the standard length of the IRDF group showed a tendency of a higher GR than the AF group. Although the feed conversion ratio (FCR) also showed no significant difference, the FCR of the IRDF group was more efficient, indicating that the IRDF group yielded a more desirable FCR. These results indicate that IRDF can be used in the culture of brown-marbled grouper juveniles. In view of the working schedule of the fish farm staff, IRDF are superior to other feeding devices, because they are less labour-intensive than usual tasks. We conclude that IRDF is a useful feeding system for aquaculture.

Keywords: Brown-marbled grouper; Epinephelus fuscoguttatus; demand feeding; infrared light sensor

ABSTRAK

Secara umum, peranti suapan permintaan dilengkapi dengan suis pencetus mekanikal. Suis berkenaan tidak sesuai untuk ikan juvana bersaiz badan kecil kerana berat badan mereka tidak mencukupi untuk mengaktifkan peranti suapan. Sensor cahaya inframerah yang tidak memerlukan ikan untuk menolak suis peranti suapan adalah lebih sesuai untuk ikan bersaiz kecil. Kerapu harimau Epinephelus fuscoguttatus merupakan spesies ikan yang penting di Asia Tenggara. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk membandingkan kadar pertumbuhan (GRs) juvana kerapu harimau yang diternak menggunakan peranti suapan permintaan yang diterapkan dengan sensor cahaya inframerah (kumpulan suapan permintaan inframerah (IRDF)) dan peranti suapan automatik (kumpulan suapan automatik (AF)). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tiada perbezaan yang signifikan dalam GRs panjang piawai dan berat badan melalui analisis varians sehala; walau bagaimanapun, panjang piawai kumpulan IRDF menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan peningkatan GR berbanding kumpulan AF. Walaupun tiada perbezaan yang signifikan pada nisbah penukaran makanan (FCR), FCR kumpulan IRDF adalah lebih efisien dan ini menunjukkan bahawa kumpulan IRDF menghasilkan FCR yang lebih wajar. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa IRDF boleh digunakan dalam penternakan juvana kerapu harimau. Apabila jadual kerja pekerja penternakan ikan diambil kira, IRDF adalah lebih baik berbanding peranti suapan yang lain kerana ia tidak memerlukan tenaga kerja yang ramai. Kami menyimpulkan bahawa IRDF adalah satu sistem suapan yang berguna untuk akuakultur.

Kata kunci: Epinephelus fuscoguttatus; Kerapu harimau; sensor cahaya inframerah; suapan permintaan

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*Corresponding author; email: mukai9166@gmail.com