Sains Malaysiana 45(6)(2016): 969–976

Aerobic Fermentation of Saccharomeyes cerevisae in a Miniature Bioreactor Made of Low Cost Poly(Methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) Polymers

(Fermentasi Aerobik Saccharomeyes cerevisae dalam Bioreaktor Mini Dihasilkan daripada Polimer Poli(Metilmetakrilat) (PMMA) dan Poli(Dimetilsiloksana) (PDMS) Kos Rendah)

HAZWAN HALIMOON¹, ABDUL RASHID HUSSAIN², ABBAS KOUZANI³ & MUHD NAZRUL HISHAM ZAINAL ALAM^3,4*

¹Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

²Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

³School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia

⁴Process Systems Engineering Centre, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

Received: 3 September 2015/Accepted: 8 December 2016

ABSTRACT

In this paper, a minibioreactor platform made of low cost polymers is presented. The minibioreactor prototype was designed as an alternative solution for carrying out microbial fermentation experiments in laboratory. The minibioreactor prototype has a working volume of 1.5 mL and was fabricated from poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymers. Cell density was measured online whilst agitation rates and the temperature of the reactor content can be tightly controlled to desired set-point values. As proof-of-concept, various S. cerevisae fermentation experiments were conducted. In every experiment, the minibioreactor operated stably for the entire length of operation which was nearly 40 h with very minimal volume loss i.e. about 2.8 μL·h-1 at 37ºC. The minibioreactor has the maximum oxygen transfer rate (OTR) of 16.6 mmol·L-1·h-1 under the agitation rate of 300 rpm. Under these conditions, cell specific growth rate as high as 0.291 h-1 was obtained. The experimental data in the minibioreactor operation was also reproducible using shake flask where similar growth profiles were attained under a similar growth conditions.

Keywords: Bioreactor; miniature bioreactors; online UV detection; scale down; yeast fermentation

ABSTRAK

Dalam kertas ini, minibioreaktor yang dihasilkan daripada polimer berkos rendah telah dibincangkan. Prototip minibioreaktor ini direka bentuk sebagai alternatif dalam menjalankan eksperimen fermentasi di dalam makmal. Prototip minibioreaktor ini mempunyai isi padu kerja sebanyak 1.5 mL dan difabrikasi daripada polimer poli(metilmetakrilat) (PMMA) dan poli(dimetilsiloksana) (PDMS). Ketumpatan sel diukur secara dalam talian sementara kadar pengadukan dan suhu kandungan reaktor boleh dikawal pada nilai yang ditentukan. Untuk membuktikan konsep, beberapa eksperimen fermentasi S. cerevisae telah dijalankan. Pada setiap eksperimen, minibioreaktor beroperasi secara stabil selama eksperimen berlangsung hampir 40 jam dengan kehilangan isi padu yang minimum iaitu sebanyak 2.8 μL·h-1 pada 37ºC. Minibioreaktor ini mempunyai kadar pemindahan oksigen maksimum 16.6 mmol·L-1·h-1 pada kadar pengadukan 300 rpm. Pada keadaan ini, kadar pertumbuhan sel khusus setinggi 0.291 h-1 diperoleh. Data eksperimen dalam operasi minibioreaktor juga boleh diperoleh menggunakan kelalang goncang dengan profil pertumbuhan yang sama dicapai pada keadaan pertumbuhan yang serupa.

Kata kunci: Bioreaktor; bioreaktor bersaiz mini; fermentasi yis; menskalakan ke bawah; pengesanan UV dalam talian

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*Corresponding author; email: nazrul@cheme.utm.my