Sains Malaysiana 45(7)(2016): 1013–1018

Jatropha curcas Leaves Mulch Effect on Seedling Emergence and Growth of Maize (Zea mays)

(Kesan Mulca Daun Jatropha curcas ke atas Percambahan Benih dan Pertumbuhan Jagung (Zea mays)

MUHAMMAD IRSHAD*, FAIZAN ULLAH, SULTAN MEHMOOD & ASIF ULLAH KHAN

Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Pakistan

Received: 21 September 2015/Accepted: 21 January 2016

ABSTRACT

Allelopathy is a process in which one plant species may usefully or adversely affect the growth of other plant species through the production of allelochemicals. During the present investigation, mulch effect of Jatropha curcas leaves was evaluated on seed germination and seedling growth of maize varieties viz. Pioneer (V1), Azam (V2) and Jalal (V3). Mulch was applied at 1 and 2 tons/hectare. Phenolic compounds were detected in Jatropha curcas leaf (131.15 mg gallic acid eq./gm extract). Mulch applied at 2 tons/hectare significantly reduced seed germination (%), germination index, relative water content, root width and seedling dry weight. From the findings of the present investigation, it was inferred that Jatropha curcas leaves exhibited phytotoxic effects on maize at high concentrations.

Keywords: Jatropha curcas; maize; mulch; phenolics

ABSTRAK

Alelopati adalah suatu proses menggunakan satu spesies pokok untuk mengawal atau menjejaskan pertumbuhan spesies tumbuhan yang lain melalui pengeluaran alelokimia. Semasa kajian ini, kesan mulca daun Jatropha curcas dinilai pada percambahan benih dan pertumbuhan anak benih varieti jagung viz. Pioneer (V1), Azam (V2) dan Jalal (V3). Mulca telah digunakan pada 1 dan 2 tan/hektar. Sebatian fenolik dikesan pada daun Jatropha curcas (131.15 mg ekstrak asid galik eq./gm). Mulca yang digunakan pada 2 tan/hektar telah mengurangkan percambahan benih (%), indeks percambahan, kandungan air relatif, lebar akar dan berat kering anak benih. Daripada keputusan kajian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa daun Jatropha curcas menunjukkan kesan fitotoksik ke atas jagung pada kepekatan yang tinggi.

Kata kunci: Fenolik; jagung; Jatropha curcas; mulca

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*Corresponding author; email: hmirshad86@gmail.com