Sains Malaysiana 45(7)(2016): 1131–1137

Dietary UKMR-1 Roselle Supplementation Prevents Nicotine-Induced Cardiac Injury by Inhibiting Myocardial Oxidative Stress

(Suplemen Rosel Diet UKMR-1 Mencegah Kecederaan Jantung Aruhan Nikotin dengan Menghalang Tekanan Oksidatif Miokardium)

ANAND RAMALINGAM, SITI BALKIS BUDIN, YI-CHENG LIM, YIANG-NEE LISLIVIA SI & SATIRAH ZAINALABIDIN*

Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic Science and Applied Health,

Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

Received: 22 October 2015/Accepted: 9 February 2016

ABSTRACT

UKMR-1, a local variant of mutant Roselle strain (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is enriched with free radical scavenging polyphenols such as anthocyanin, vitamin C and hydroxycitric acid. However, pharmacological actions of UKMR-1 are not fully known. This study was conducted to determine whether supplementation of aqueous UKMR-1 calyx extract was able to protect against nicotine-induced cardiac injury in rats. In this experimental study, healthy male albino rats were randomly allotted into three groups (n=7 per group): control, nicotine and UKMR-1+Nicotine groups. Nicotine (0.6 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to both nicotine and UKMR-1+Nicotine groups for 28 consecutive days. UKMR-1+Nicotine group also received 100 mg/kg UKMR-1 extract orally via gavage 30 min prior to nicotine injection, daily. UKMR-1+Nicotine group had significantly (p<0.05) higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in heart tissue homogenate than nicotine group, suggesting its cardio protective activity by inhibition of lipid peroxidation. UKMR-1 also lowered (p<0.05) the blood pressure in nicotine-administered rats. In addition, UKMR-1 significantly (p<0.05) restored activities of cytosolic superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase as well as redox balance ratio (GSH:GSSG). In conclusion, UKMR-1 was able to protect against myocardial injury in rat model of nicotine administration possibly by inhibiting oxidative stress.

Keywords: Antioxidant; antihypertensive; cardioprotective; Hibiscus sabdariffa; nicotine

ABSTRAK

UKMR-1 yang merupakan salah satu varian mutan Rosel tempatan (Hibiscus sabdariffa) yang diperkaya dengan polifenol perangkap radikal bebas seperti antosianin, vitamin C dan asid hidrosisitrik. Walau bagaimanapun, tindakan farmakologi UKMR-1 belum diketahui sepenuhnya. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan sama ada suplementasi ekstrak akues UKMR-1 dapat melindungi tikus daripada kecederaan jantung aruhan nikotin. Dalam kajian eksperimental ini, tikus jantan Albino yang sihat dibahagikan secara rawak kepada tiga kumpulan (n=7 setiap kumpulan): kawalan, nikotin dan UKMR-1 + nikotin. Nikotin (0.6 mg/kg, ip) telah diberi kepada kedua-dua kumpulan nikotin dan UKMR-1 + nikotin selama 28 hari berturut-turut. Kumpulan UKMR-1 + nikotin turut menerima ekstrak 100 mg/kg UKMR-1 secara oral melalui gavage 30 minit sebelum suntikan nikotin pada setiap hari. Kumpulan UKMR-1+nikotin mempunyai aktiviti laktat dehidrogenase (LDH) yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) serta kandungan malondialdehid yang lebih rendah dalam homogenat tisu jantung daripada kumpulan nikotin, mencadangkan bahawa aktiviti perlindungan jantung dengan mencegah peroksidaan lipid. UKMR-1 juga menurunkan (p<0.05) tekanan darah dalam tikus diadministrasi nikotin. Di samping itu, UKMR-1 memulihkan aktiviti superoksida dismutase sitosolik, glutation peroksida dan glutation-S-transferase serta nisbah keseimbangan redoks (GSH: GSSG) dengan signifikan (p<0.05). Secara kesimpulannya, UKMR-1 dapat memberi perlindungan terhadap kecederaan jantung dalam model tikus diadministrasi nikotin, berkemungkinan melalui perencatan tekanan oksidatif.

Kata kunci: Antioksidan; antihipertensi; Hibiscus sabdariffa; nikotin; perlindungan jantung

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*Corresponding author; email: satirah@ukm.edu.my