Sains Malaysiana 45(9)(2016): 1319–1327

Comparison of Total Phenolic Contents (TPC) and Antioxidant Activities of Fresh Fruit Juices, Commercial 100% Fruit Juices and Fruit Drinks

(Perbandingan Jumlah Kandungan Fenolik (TPC) dan Aktiviti Antioksidan Jus Buah-buahan Segar, 100% Jus Buah-buahan Komersial dan Minuman Buah-buahan)

KHAW HUI WERN, HASNAH HARON* & CHAN BOON KENG

Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory

Malaysia

Received: 8 December 2015/Accepted: 27 April 2016

ABSTRACT

There is an increasing trend of fruit juice consumption due to increasing reported health benefits of antioxidant content present in fruit juices. The aim of this study was to compare the total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidant activities of fresh fruit juices, commercial 100% fruit juices and fruit drinks. Seven types of freshly blended fruit juices and their commercial counterparts were selected. Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content, whilst ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of fruit juices. The TPC contents of fresh fruit juices, commercial 100% fruit juices and fruit drinks were at the ranges of 13.38-80.40, 21.65-130.39 and 3.32-45.10 mg GAE/100 mL, respectively. Both fresh guava juice and commercial guava drinks have exhibited the highest antioxidant activities in DPPH assay (205.71-770.12 μmol TE/100 mL) and FRAP assay (320.80-843.13 μmol TE/100 mL). Pomegranate juices demonstrated the highest antioxidant activities among commercial 100% fruit juices with DPPH and FRAP values of 2705.01 and 2953.85 μmol TE/100 mL, respectively. Fruits drinks group had the lowest TPC and antioxidant activities for all types of fruits. TPC was significantly correlated (p<0.05) to FRAP (r=0.954) and DPPH (r=0.908) assays. In conclusion, the TPC and antioxidant activities of commercial 100% fruit juices and fresh juices were comparable as no significantly difference (p>0.05) was found between these two groups. Commercial fruit drinks in this study were not good source of antioxidants. These findings provide some useful information especially for ageing population in choosing healthy fruit juice or drinks for their health maintenance purposes.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity; fresh fruit juice; fruit drink; total phenolic content; 100% commercial fruit juice

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan jus buah-buahan semakin meningkat kerana kandungan antioksidan dalam jus buah-buahan dilaporkan boleh memberi manfaat kepada kesihatan. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk membandingkan jumlah kandungan fenolik (TPC) dan aktiviti antioksidan antara jus buah-buahan segar, 100% jus buah-buahan komersial dan minuman buah-buahan. Tujuh jenis jus buah-buahan segar serta jus komersial bagi buah-buahan tersebut telah dipilih. Kaedah Folin-Ciocalteu telah digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah kandungan fenolik, manakala asai FRAP dan DPPH telah dijalankan untuk menilai aktiviti antioksidan jus buah-buahan. Kandungan TPC jus buah-buahan segar, 100% jus buah-buahan komersial dan minuman buah-buahan masing-masing berada dalam julat 13.38-80.40, 21.65-130.39 dan 3.32-45.10 mg GAE/100 mL. Kedua-dua jus jambu batu segar dan minuman jambu batu komersial telah menunjukkan aktiviti antioksidan yang tertinggi dalam asai DPPH (205.71-770.12 μmol TE/100 mL) dan asai FRAP (320.80-843.13 μmol TE/100 mL). Jus delima menunjukkan aktiviti antioksidan yang paling tinggi antara 100% jus buah-buahan komersial dengan nilai DPPH, 2705.01 μmol TE/100 mL dan nilai FRAP, 2953.85 μmol TE/100 mL. Sampel minuman buah-buahan pelbagai jenis mempunyai TPC dan aktiviti antioksidan yang paling rendah bagi semua jenis buah-buahan. TPC berkait secara signifikan (p<0.05) dengan asai FRAP (r=0.954) dan DPPH (r=0.908). Kesimpulannya, 100% jus buah-buahan komersial adalah setanding dengan jus buah-buahan segar kerana TPC dan aktiviti antioksidan antara kedua-dua kumpulan tidak berbeza secara signifikan (p>0.05). Minuman buah-buahan komersial dalam kajian ini didapati bukan sumber antioksidan yang baik. Kajian ini menyediakan maklumat yang berguna terutamanya kepada populasi penuaan dalam pemilihan jus atau minuman buah- buahan yang sihat.

Kata kunci: Aktiviti antioksidan; jumlah kandungan fenolik; jus buah-buahan segar; minuman buah-buahan; 100% jus buah-buahan komersial

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*Corresponding author; email: hasnaharon@ukm.edu.my