Sains Malaysiana 45(9)(2016): 1357–1361

Correlation of Cognitive Impairment with Constipation and Renal Failure

(Kolerasi Kecelaan Kognitif dengan Sembelit dan Kegagalan Ginjal)

SIMA ATAOLLAHI ESHKOOR^1,2, TENGKU AIZAN HAMID^1* & CHAN YOKE MUN¹

¹Malaysian Research Institute on Aging (MyAging), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences

Tehran, Iran

Received: 21 December 2015/Accepted: 19 May 2016

ABSTRACT

The improvement of health care support has greatly extended the average life expectancy over the last 50 years, which has increased the rate of cognitive decline consequently. The avoidance of risk factors such as toxins, stress and somatic diseases can be protective against the reduction of cognitive function in the elderly. This study aimed to determine the effects of socio-demographic factors, constipation and renal failure on cognitive status among 2322 samples who were the non-institutionalized Malaysian elderly. The multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the risk of such factors on cognitive decline in subjects. Approximately, 77.54% of samples experienced cognitive impairment. The results showed that advanced age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.03), Malay ethnic (OR = 2.15), constipation (OR = 3.31) and renal failure (OR= 4.42), significantly increased the risk of cognitive impairment in subjects (p<0.05). In addition, education (OR = 0.38) significantly reduced the risk. However, we concluded that age, Malay ethnic, constipation and renal failure increased the risk of cognitive impairment in subjects but education reduced the risk.

Keywords: Cognition; constipation; dementia; renal failure

ABSTRAK

Peningkatan sokongan penjagaan kesihatan telah melanjutkan purata tempoh jangka hayat sejak 50 tahun yang lepas, yang secara tidak langsung telah meningkatkan kadar kemerosotan kognitif. Mengelakkan faktor risiko seperti toksin, tekanan dan penyakit berkenaan tubuh badan boleh menjadi pelindung terhadap pengurangan fungsi kognitif dalam kalangan warga tua. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kesan faktor sosio-demografi, sembelit dan kegagalan buah pinggang ke atas status kognitif dalam 2322 sampel warga tua yang tidak menghuni rumah warga tua. Analisis regresi logistik berganda digunakan untuk menganggar faktor risiko pada kemerosotan kognitif dalam subjek. Lebih kurang 77.54% daripada sampel mengalami kemerosotan nilai kognitif. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa umur lanjut (nisbah kemungkinan [OR] = 1.03), bangsa Melayu (OR = 2.15), sembelit (OR = 3.31) dan kegagalan buah pinggang (OR = 4.42), secara bererti meningkatkan risiko kemerosotan kognitif dalam subjek (p<0.05). Sebagai tambahan, pendidikan (OR = 0.38) dengan ketara mengurangkan risiko. Walau bagaimanapun, kami membuat kesimpulan bahawa usia, bangsa Melayu, sembelit dan kegagalan buah pinggang meningkatkan risiko kemerosotan nilai kognitif dalam subjek tetapi pendidikan mengurangkan risiko.

Kata kunci: Demensia; kegagalan buah pinggang ; kognisi; sembelit

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*Corresponding author; email: aizan@upm.edu.my