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Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017): 1693–1700 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-04
Management
of Collar Rot Disease in Chili by Farmyard Manure and Commercial
Biofertilizers (Pengurusan Penyakit Pereputan Kolar dalam Cili oleh Baja Ladang dan Baja Biologi Komersial) NIGHAT SANA*,
AMNA
SHOAIB
& ARSHAD JAVAID Institute
of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Received: 7 March
2016/Accepted: 14 March 2017 ABSTRACT Collar rot of chili (Capsicum
annuum L.) is a very destructive
disease caused by a soil-borne fungal pathogen Sclerotium
rolfsii Sacc. Generally, chemical
fungicides are used to combat the menace but this practice is
being discouraged because of health and environmental concerns.
In the present study, an alternative environment friendly strategy
was used to manage this disease by using farmyard manure (FYM) and two commercial biofertilizers namely Biopower and
Feng Shou. S. rolfsii
inoculated pot soil was amended with 1% and 2% FYM and
the two commercial biofertilizers. Inoculation
of soil with S. rolfsii only
(positive control) resulted in the highest disease incidence (73%)
and plant mortality (60%). Biopower and Feng Shou application
reduced disease incidence to 20% and 7%, respectively and plant
mortality to 0%. Likewise, 1% and 2% FYM amendment reduced disease
incidence to 33% and plant mortality to 26% and 7%, respectively.
Under biotic stress of S. rolfsii,
FYM and
biofertilizers applications, either
alone or in combination, significantly enhanced root and shoot
growth over positive control. S. rolfsii
inoculation significantly increased peroxidase and polyphenol
oxidase activities in chili plants which were further increased
by application of either of the two biofertilizers.
The present study concludes that biofertilizers
Biopower and Feng Shou alone or
in combination with 2% FYM can be effectively utilized to manage
southern blight of chili. Keywords: Capsicum
annuum; fungal diseases; plant physiology;
Sclerotium rolfsii ABSTRAK Pereputan kolar cili (Capsicum
annuum L.) adalah
penyakit pemusnah
yang disebabkan patogen kulat bawaan tanah
Sclerotium rolfsii
Sacc. Secara umumnya,
penggunaan baja
bahan kimia adalah
untuk menangani
masalah ini tetapi
amalan ini
tidak digalakkan kerana kebimbangan kesihatan dan persekitaran.
Kajian
kini telah menggunakan
alternatif strategi
yang mesra alam dalam
menguruskan penyakit
ini dengan penggunaan
baja ladang
(FYM)
dan dua baja
biologi komersial
iaitu Biopower dan Feng Shou. S. rolfsii diperkenalkan
pada tanah
pasu berserta 1% dan 2% FYM dan kedua-dua baja biologi komersial. Kehadiran S. rolfsii
pada tanah
mengakibatkan insiden penyakit tertinggi (73%) dan kematian tumbuhan
(60%). Aplikasi Biopower
dan Feng Shou mengurangkan
kejadian penyakit
kepada 20% dan 7% dan kematian tumbuhan
pada 0%. Begitu
juga pengenalan 1% dan 2% FYM
telah mengurangkan insiden penyakit kepada 33% dan kematian tumbuhan kepada 26% dan 7%. Di bawah tegasan biotik
daripada aplikasi
S. rolfsii, FYM dan
baja biologi,
sama ada
secara bersendirian
atau dalam kombinasi
melalui kawalan
positif dapat meningkatkan
pertumbuhan akar
dan pucuk secara
ketara. Pengenalan
S. rolfsii mengakibatkan
peningkatan secara ketara kepada aktiviti
peroksidase dan
polifenol oksidase dalam tumbuhan cili dan akan terus meningkat dengan menggunakan salah satu daripada kedua-dua
baja biologi
ini. Kajian ini menyimpulkan
bahawa baja
biologi Biopower dan Feng Shou yang digunakan secara bersendirian atau dalam kombinasi dengan 2% FYM boleh
digunakan dengan
berkesan dalam menguruskan cili hawar selatan. Kata kunci: Capsicum annuum; fisiologi tumbuhan; penyakit kulat; Sclerotium rolfsii REFERENCES
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