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Sains
Malaysiana 46(11)(2017): 2241-2250 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4611-26 Study
on the Relation between Mineral Compositions of Rock and Construction
Characteristics of Tunnel in Cold Regions: A Case YANLIANG SHANG1,2, SHOUJI
DU1*, HONGHONG GAO1 & TONGYIN HAN3 1Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
200240, China 2Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering, Safety Control of
Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang
050043, China 3Party Committee, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang 065000, China Received: 3 February 2017/Accepted: 22 May 2017 ABSTRACT Mineral composition of rock has a very important
influence on the physical and mechanical properties of tunnel
surrounding rock. Take Dangjianshan tunnel in cold regions for
example, the rock specimens in different parts of tunnel were
taken to carry out the detection test of mineral composition.
By the detail qualitative and quantitative analysis, the relationship
between mineral composition and surrounding rock engineering
properties was explored. First of all, the composition and content
of minerals contained in in the rock specimens were detected
by X ray fluorescence spectrometer and X ray powder diffraction.
The detection results show that rock of tunnel contains high
hardness minerals such as quartz and feldspar which were proven
by initial engineering geological investigation report, in addition,
it also contains several kinds of low hardness minerals including
inclined chlorite and illite which may exhibit large deformation
characteristic of soft rock after the tunnel excavation in case
of meeting water and weathering conditions. The total content
of inclined chlorite and illite accounted for a considerable
component in main tunnel, inclined shaft and parallel pilot
respectively and the influence on surrounding rock engineering
properties cannot be ignored. Therefore, mineral composition
detection must be paid attention to after tunnel excavation.
Secondly, the effects of mineral composition on surrounding
rock were analyzed in aspects of rock strength, weathering resistance,
water softening property and excavation deformation through
comparing the rock samples in different parts of tunnel. The
comparative results showed that when the mineral contents is
high with high hardness and poor hydrophilicity, tunnel surrounding
rock plays a better performance of physical and mechanical properties,
vice versa. Finally, according to the specific geological and
construction parameters of the tunnel, the correlation analysis
was studied about the vault settlement after tunnel excavation
and the hydrophilicity mineral content in main cave. The logarithmic
relationship between them was found and the correlation coefficient
was 0.98. It can provide a useful reference for the settlement
prediction of Dangjinshan tunnel construction. Keywords: Engineering properties;
mineral composition; relation, surrounding rock; tunnel ABSTRAK Komposisi
mineral batuan mempunyai pengaruh yang amat penting pada sifat
fizikal dan mekanik batuan sekitar terowong. Mengambil terowong
Dangjianshan di rantau sejuk sebagai contoh, spesimen batuan
di bahagian berbeza dalam terowong telah diambil untuk menjalankan
ujian pengesanan komposisi mineral. Berdasarkan analisis perincian
kuantitatif dan kualitatif, sifat hubungan antara komposisi
mineral dan sifat kejuruteraan batuan sekitar telah diterokai.
Pertama sekali, komposisi dan kandungan mineral yang terkandung
di dalam spesimen batu telah dikesan melalui spektrometer pendarfluor
sinar X dan pembelauan serbuk sinar X. Keputusan pengesanan
menunjukkan batu terowong mengandungi mineral berkepadatan tinggi
seperti kuarza dan feldspar yang telah terbukti melalui laporan
kajian geologi kejuruteraan awal. Di samping itu, ia juga mengandungi
beberapa jenis mineral berkepadatan rendah termasuk cenderung
klorit dan ilit yang boleh menyebabkan perubahan bentuk yang
besar kepada ciri batuan lembut selepas penggalian terowong
jika berlaku pertembungan keadaan air dan cuaca. Jumlah kandungan
cenderung klorit dan ilit merupakan komponen besar dalam terowong
utama, masing-masing cenderung penggerudian dan rintis selari
serta pengaruh pada sifat kejuruteraan sekitar batuan tidak
boleh diabaikan. Oleh itu, pengesanan komposisi mineral perlu
diberi perhatian selepas penggalian terowong. Kedua, kesan komposisi
mineral di sekitar batuan dianalisis dalam aspek kekuatan batu,
rintangan cuaca, sifat pelembutan air dan canggaan penggalian
dengan membandingkan sampel batuan di bahagian berbeza dalam
terowong. Keputusan perbandingan menunjukkan apabila kandungan
mineral tinggi dengan kepadatan dan rendah hidrofilisiti, batuan
di sekitar terowong menunjukkan prestasi sifat fizikal dan mekanik
yang lebih baik dan sebaliknya. Kesimpulannya, mengikut parameter
khusus geologi dan pembinaan terowong, analisis korelasi telah
dikaji untuk penempatan kubah selepas penggalian terowong dan
kandungan mineral hidrofilisiti dalam gua utama. Hubungan logaritma
antara mereka diperoleh dan pekali korelasi ialah 0.98. Ia mampu
memberi rujukan yang berguna untuk ramalan penempatan pembinaan
terowong di Dangjinshan. Kata kunci: Batuan sekitar, komposisi mineral; perhubungan; sifat
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1415-1422. *Corresponding author; email: sty1980926@163.com
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