Sains Malaysiana 46(3)(2017): 413–420

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4603-08

 

Geospatial Techniques for Assessment of Bank Erosion and Accretion in the Marala Alexandria Reach of the River Chenab, Pakistan

(Teknik Georeruang bagi Penilaian Hakisan Tebing dan Tokokan di Rantau Marala Alexandria, Sungai Chenab, Pakistan)

 

M. HAMID CH1*, M. ASHRAF2, QUDSIA HAMID1, SYED MANSOOR SARWAR3

& ZULFIQAR AHMAD SAQIB4

 

1GIS Centre, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

 

2Centre of Excellence in Water Resource Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

 

3Punjab University College of Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore

Pakistan

 

4Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040

Pakistan

 

Received: 4 December 2015/Accepted: 17 June 2016

 

ABSTRACT

Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are widely used for change detection in rivers caused by erosion and accretion. Digital image processing techniques and GIS analysis capabilities are used for detecting temporal variations of erosion and accretion characteristics between the years 1999 and 2011 in a 40 km long Marala Alexandria reach of River Chenab. Landsat satellite images for the years 1999, 2007 and 2011 were processed to analyze the river channel migration, changes in the river width and the rate of erosion and accretion. Analyses showed that the right bank was under erosion in both time spans, however high rate of deposition is exhibited in middle reaches. The maximum erosion was 1569843 m2 and 1486160 m2 along the right bank at a distance of 24-28 km downstream of the Marala barrage in the time span of 1999-2007 and 2007-2011, respectively. Along right bank mainly there is trend of accretion but erosion is much greater between 20 and 28 km reach. Maximum accretion was 5144584 m2 from 1999-2007 and 2950110 m2 from 2007-2011 on the right bank downstream of the Marala Barrage. The derived results of channel migration were validated by comparing with SRTM data to assess the accuracy of image classification. Integration of remote sensing data with GIS is efficient and economical technique to assess land losses and channel changes in large rivers.

 

Keywords: Accretion; erosion; GIS; image processing; remote sensing

 

ABSTRAK

Pengesanan Jarak Jauh (RS) dan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) digunakan secara meluas untuk mengesan perubahan di sungai-sungai yang disebabkan oleh hakisan dan tokokan. Keupayaan teknik pemprosesan imej digital dan analisis GIS digunakan untuk mengesan variasi temporal hakisan dan tokokan antara tahun 1999 dan 2011 di sepanjang 40 km rantau Marala Alexandria di Sungai Chenab. Imej satelit Landsat bagi tahun 1999, 2007 dan 2011 telah diproses untuk analisis migrasi aliran sungai tersebut, perubahan dalam lebar sungai serta kadar hakisan dan tokokan. Analisis menunjukkan tebing di sebelah kanan terhakis pada kedua-dua tempoh masa, walau bagaimanapun kadar pemendapan yang tinggi ditunjukkan pada rantau pertengahan. Hakisan maksimum ialah 1569843 m2 dan 1486160 m2 di sepanjang tebing kanan pada jarak 24-28 km di hilir baraj Marala masing-masing dalam jangka masa 1999-2007 dan 2007-2011. Terdapat trend tokokan terutamanya di sepanjang tebing kanan tetapi hakisan adalah lebih besar antara jarak 20-28 km. Tokokan maksimum ialah 5144584 m2 dari 1999-2007 dan 2950110 m2 2007-2011 di tebing kanan hilir baraj Marala. Keputusan migrasi aliran yang diperoleh telah disahkan dengan membandingkannya dengan data SRTM untuk menilai ketepatan pengelasan imej. Integrasi data pengesanan jarak jauh dengan GIS adalah teknik yang cekap dan ekonomi untuk menilai kehilangan tanah dan perubahan aliran di sungai-sungai besar.

 

Kata kunci: GIS; hakisan; imej pemprosesan; pengesanan jarak jauh; pertambahan

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*Corresponding author; email: hamid.ch@pucit.edu.pk

 

 

 
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