Sains Malaysiana 46(4)(2017): 575–581

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4604-09

Low Intensity Ultrasound Induced Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines

(Ultrabunyi Keamatan Rendah Aruhan Apoptosis dalam Jujukan Sel Kanser Payudara

MCF-7)

SITI P.M. BOHARI*, HAMIDREZA ABOULKHEYR, E.S., NUR S. JOHAN & NURSYUHADA F. ZAINUDIN

Faculty of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

Received: 26 November 2015/Accepted: 29 September 2016

ABSTRACT

According to the World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRFI), breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide with recorded 1.7 million new cases in 2012. The main line of treatments is still limited to chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy which could lead to a wide range of dangerous side effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) on cell proliferation, percentage of living and dead cells and the induction of apoptosis on the MCF-7 cell line with CHO cells as the control for non-cancerous group. In order to achieve the objective of this study, several methods of cell-bioguided assays were used including the MTT assay for cell proliferation, Live/Dead assay for the determination of both live and dead cells and gene expression study for the detection of apoptosis in the cells. The cytotoxicity and Live/Dead assays data provided preliminary data that the LIUS has potential to induce apoptosis in a wide population of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the LIUS treatment induced the expression of p53-mRNA at a detectable level via qPCR analysis, indicating the activation of apoptosis. In short, our study suggested LIUS dosage used in this study could potentially show positive effects in the induction of apoptosis selectively on the MCF-7 with less harm to the control CHO cells.

Keywords: Apoptosis; CHO cells; LIUS; MCF-7 cells; qPCR

ABSTRAK

Mengikut ‘World Cancer Research Fund International’ (WCRFI), kanser payudara adalah jenis kanser yang paling umum pada wanita di seluruh dunia dengan catatan rekod 1.7 juta kes baru pada 2012. Rawatan utama masih lagi terhad kepada kimoterapi, pembedahan dan radioterapi yang boleh membawa kepada pelbagai kesan sampingan berbahaya. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk menilai kesan ultrabunyi berkeamatan rendah (LIUS) pada pertumbuhan sel, peratusan hidup dan mati sel dan juga pengaruhan ‘apoptosis’ pada jujukan sel MCF-7 dan CHO sebagai kumpulan kawalan sel bukan kanser. Untuk mencapai objektif di dalam kajian ini, beberapa kaedah bioasai berdasarkan sel telah digunakan termasuklah asai MTT untuk pertumbuhan sel, asai ‘Live/Dead’ untuk pengenalpastian hidup dan mati sel dan juga kajian ekspresi gen untuk pengesanan ‘apoptosis’ pada sel. Asai sitotoksiti dan ‘Live/Dead’ menggambarkan data awal bahawa LIUS berpotensi untuk mengaruh ‘apoptosis’ di dalam populasi yang besar bagi kanser payudara. Tambahan lagi, rawatan LIUS juga berpotensi untuk mengaruh ekspresi p53-mRNA pada aras yang dapat dikesan melalui analisis qPCR yang menunjukkan pengaktifan ‘apoptosis. Kesimpulannya, kajian kami mencadangkan dos LIUS yang digunakan dalam kajian ini berpotensi dalam menunjukkan kesan positif dalam pengaruhan ‘apoptosis’ pilihan pada sel MCF-7 dengan sedikit kemudaratan kepada sel CHO.

Kata kunci: Apoptosis; LIUS; qPCR; sel CHO; sel MCF-7

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*Corresponding author; email: pauliena@utm.my