Sains Malaysiana 46(4)(2017): 623–628

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4604-15

Preparation and Characterization of Fe₃O₄/Regenerated Cellulose Membrane

(Penyediaan dan Pencirian Membran Fe₃O₄/Selulosa Terjana Semula)

HATIKA KACO¹, KHAIRUNNISA WAZNAH BAHARIN¹, SARANI ZAKARIA¹*, CHIN HUA CHIA¹, MOHD SHAIFUL SAJAB², SHARIFAH NABIHAH SYED JAAFAR¹ & SIN YEE GAN¹

¹Bioresources and Biorefinery Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

Received: 13 April 2016/Accepted: 19 August 2016

ABSTRACT

In this study, magnetic cellulose membranes (MCM) have been prepared by using cotton linter as cellulose source and NaOH/urea as cellulose solvent at different magnetite content. Cellulose was dissolved in pre-cooled NaOH/urea solvent at -13°C to form cellulose solution. The cellulose solution then was mix with magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles synthesized via co-precipitation method of Fe₂₊ and Fe₃₊ in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form MCM. The MCMs formed at different percentage of Fe₃O₄ i.e., 10, 20 and 30%. Analysis from vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) shows that the saturation magnetization of the MCM increase as the percentages of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles increased. However, the addition of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in the regenerated cellulose membrane has decreased the crystallinity index of MCM. The surface morphology of the MCM showed that the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were dispersed in the pore of the membrane. Tensile test showed decreasing in the tensile strength of the cellulose membrane with the addition of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle.

Keywords: Dissolution; Fe₃O₄; magnetic cellulose membrane; pre-cooled

ABSTRAK

Dalam kajian ini, membran selulosa bermagnet (MSM) telah disediakan dengan menggunakan linter kapas sebagai sumber selulosa dan NaOH/urea sebagai pelarut selulosa pada kandungan magnetit yang berbeza. Selulosa dilarutkan dalam pelarut NaOH/urea yang telah dilakukan pra-penyejukan pada suhu -13°C untuk menghasilkan larutan selulosa. Larutan selulosa tersebut kemudiannya dicampurkan dengan nanozarah magnetit (Fe₃O₄) yang disintesis melalui kaedah pemendakan Fe²⁺ dan Fe³⁺ dengan kehadiran natrium hidroksida (NaOH) untuk menghasilkan MSM. MSM yang terhasil mempunyai peratusan Fe₃O₄ yang berbeza iaitu, 10, 20 dan 30 %. bt. Analisis daripada magnetometer getaran sampel (VSM) menunjukkan kemagnetan tepu bagi MSM bertambah apabila peratusan zarah magnetit meningkat. Walau bagaimanapun, penambahan zarah magnetit dalam membran selulosa terjana semula telah menjatuhkan indeks penghabluran MSM. Morfologi permukaan MSM menunjukkan bahawa zarah magnetit tersebar di atas liang membran tersebut. Ujian tegangan menunjukkan pengurangan dalam kekuatan tegangan membran selulosa dengan penambahan nanozarah magnetit.

Kata Kunci: Fe₃O₄; membran selulosa bermagnet; pelarutan; pra-penyejukan

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*Corresponding author; email: szakaria@ukm.edu.my