Sains Malaysiana 46(7)(2017): 1047–1059

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4607-06

 

Pengelupasan Grafit untuk Mengkomersilkan Teknologi Grafin

(Graphite Exfoliation to Commercialize Graphene Technology)

 

KIM S. SIOW*

 

Institut Mikro-Juruteraan dan Nanoelektronik, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 21 December 2016/Accepted: 25 January 2017

 

ABSTRAK

Kertas ini mengkaji teknologi pengelupasan untuk menghasilkan grafin, grafin oksida (GO) dan grafin oksida terturun (rGO). Empat teknologi pengelupasan yang utama dikenal pasti dalam tinjauan ini iaitu pengelupasan mekanik, pengelupasan cecair, interkalasi-pengelupasan dan pengoksidaan-pengelupasan-penurunan. Setiap teknologi ini dibincangkan daripada segi kualiti grafin, grafit nanoplat, GO dan rGO yang dihasilkan dan langkah utama proses termasuk bahan kimia yang digunakan. Kami juga membuat satu kajian kemudah-capaian dan analisis sensitiviti untuk menubuhkan satu kilang penghasilan grafin yang berasaskan teknologi pengelupasan, saiz pasaran grafin dan bahan mentahnya iaitu grafit. Berdasarkan kitar gemburan Gartner, teknologi dan produk yang berasaskan grafin terletak di tiga lokasi iaitu lembah kekecewaan, cerun pencerahan dan dataran tinggi produktiviti.

 

Kata kunci: Grafin; grafin oksida terturun; grafit; pengelupasan; interkalasi

 

ABSTRACT

This paper surveys the main exfoliation technologies to produce graphene, graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The four main exfoliation technologies are known as mechanical exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, intercalation-exfoliation and oxidation-exfoliation-reduction. The qualities of graphene, graphite nanoplate, GO and rGO and the different process steps as well as the chemicals used in these four techniques are discussed in this paper. The review also includes the feasibility and sensitivity analysis of setting up exfoliation-based graphene factory, the market size of graphene and its feedstock i.e. graphite. Depending on the application of the graphene-enabled product, the respective technologies are located either in the trough of disillusionment, slope of enlightenment and plateau of productivity in the Gartner hype cycle.

 

Keywords: Exfoliation; graphene; graphite; intercalation; reduced graphene oxide

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*Corresponding author; email: kimsiow@ukm.edu.my

 

 

 

 

 

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