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Sains Malaysiana 46(7)(2017): 1047–1059
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4607-06
Pengelupasan Grafit untuk Mengkomersilkan Teknologi Grafin
(Graphite Exfoliation to Commercialize
Graphene Technology)
KIM S. SIOW*
Institut Mikro-Juruteraan dan Nanoelektronik, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Received: 21 December
2016/Accepted: 25 January 2017
ABSTRAK
Kertas ini mengkaji teknologi pengelupasan untuk menghasilkan grafin, grafin oksida (GO) dan grafin oksida terturun (rGO). Empat teknologi pengelupasan yang utama dikenal pasti dalam tinjauan ini iaitu pengelupasan mekanik, pengelupasan cecair, interkalasi-pengelupasan dan pengoksidaan-pengelupasan-penurunan. Setiap teknologi ini dibincangkan daripada segi kualiti grafin, grafit nanoplat, GO dan rGO yang dihasilkan dan langkah utama proses termasuk bahan kimia yang digunakan. Kami juga membuat satu kajian kemudah-capaian dan analisis sensitiviti untuk menubuhkan satu kilang penghasilan grafin yang berasaskan teknologi pengelupasan, saiz pasaran grafin dan bahan mentahnya iaitu grafit. Berdasarkan kitar gemburan Gartner, teknologi dan produk yang berasaskan grafin terletak di tiga lokasi iaitu lembah kekecewaan, cerun pencerahan dan dataran tinggi produktiviti.
Kata kunci:
Grafin; grafin
oksida terturun; grafit; pengelupasan; interkalasi
ABSTRACT
This paper surveys the main
exfoliation technologies to produce graphene, graphene oxide
or reduced graphene oxide (rGO).
The four main exfoliation technologies are known as mechanical
exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, intercalation-exfoliation and
oxidation-exfoliation-reduction. The qualities of graphene,
graphite nanoplate, GO and rGO and
the different process steps as well as the chemicals used in
these four techniques are discussed in this paper. The review
also includes the feasibility and sensitivity analysis of setting
up exfoliation-based graphene factory, the market size of graphene
and its feedstock i.e. graphite. Depending on the application
of the graphene-enabled product, the respective technologies
are located either in the trough of disillusionment, slope of
enlightenment and plateau of productivity in the Gartner hype
cycle.
Keywords: Exfoliation; graphene; graphite; intercalation; reduced graphene
oxide
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*Corresponding author; email: kimsiow@ukm.edu.my
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