Sains Malaysiana 46(8)(2017): 1299–1307

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4608-16

 

Penyerapan Akar Gigi Apeks Luaran Hasil Rawatan Ortodontik Pada Enam dan 12 Bulan

(External Apical Root Resorption as a Result of Orthodontic Treatment at Six and 12 Months)

 

SHAHRUL HISHAM ZAINAL ARIFFIN¹, RUS DINA RUS DIN⁴, ZULHAM YAMAMOTO^1,3, IKMAL MOHAMAD JAAFAR², SAHIDAN SENAFI¹ & ROHAYA MEGAT ABDUL WAHAB^2*

 

¹Pusat Pengajian Biosains dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Jabatan Orthodontik, Fakulti Pergigian, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

³Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

 

⁴Program Sains Forensik, Pusat Pengajian Sains Diagnostik dan Kesihatan Gunaan, Fakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

Received: 15 August 2016/Accepted: 8 February 2017

 

ABSTRAK

Penyerapan akar gigi apeks luaran (PAAL) adalah salah satu kesan negatif semasa rawatan ortodontik selain daripada gigi yang mengalami trauma. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara sejarah trauma dan kejadian PAAL serta membandingkan tahap keterukan PAAL antara gigi trauma dan tanpa trauma selepas enam dan 12 bulan rawatan ortodontik. Sampel kajian merupakan gigi insisor tengah maksila daripada 23 subjek (8 lelaki dan 15 wanita berumur 12 hingga 26 tahun) dengan 19 mempunyai trauma (tanpa penyerapan akar gigi) dan 27 tanpa trauma. Rawatan ortodontik dilakukan dengan menggunakan dawai arkus NiTi 0.014”, 0.018” dan 0.018” × 0.025” pada enam bulan pertama. Selepas enam bulan, rawatan ortodontik diteruskan dengan menggunakan dawai arkus keluli tahan karat saiz 0.019” × 0.025” sehingga rawatan ortodontik mencapai satu tahun. PAAL gigi diukur melalui imej tomografi berkomputer pancaran-kon (CBCT) yang diambil sebelum (X0), selepas enam bulan (X6) dan selepas 12 bulan (X12) rawatan ortodontik. Penyerapan akar dikira dengan menolak panjang gigi pada X6 dan X12 dengan panjang gigi pada X0. Kejadian PAAL dalam kumpulan trauma dan tanpa trauma masing-masing adalah 89.5% dan 77.8% (penyerapan akar rendah dari 2 mm) selepas enam bulan rawatan ortodontik. Selepas 12 bulan rawatan ortodontik, semua gigi menunjukkan PAAL. Kejadian PAAL antara gigi trauma dan tanpa trauma tidak menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan (p>0.05). Dalam kajian ini, gigi yang mengalami trauma serta tanpa trauma membentuk PAAL pada kadar yang sama selepas enam dan 12 bulan rawatan orthodontik. Oleh itu, adalah selamat untuk melakukan rawatan ortodontik kepada pesakit yang mempunyai sejarah trauma pada gigi.

 

Kata kunci: Insisor; ortodontik; penyerapan akar gigi; trauma pergigian

 

ABSTRACT

External apical root resorption (EARR) is one of the negative effects of orthodontic treatment apart from dental trauma. The objectives of this study were to observed the relationship between history of trauma and the occurence of EARR and also to compare the severity of EARR between traumatized and nontraumatized teeth during six and 12 months of orthodontic treatment. The sample of study was maxilla central incisor from 23 subjects (8 male and 15 female age 12 to 26 years old) in which 19 with traumatized teeth (without root resorption) and 27 nontraumatized teeth. Orthodontic treatment used 0.014”, 0.018” and 0.018” × 0.025” NiTi archwires for the first six months. After six months, orthodontic treatment was continued using 0.019"× 0.025" stainless steel arch wire until the treatment reached one year. EARR was measured using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images that was taken before (X0), after six months (X6) and after 12 months (X12) of orthodontic treatment. Root resorption was calculated by substracting tooth length at X6 and X12 with tooth length at X0. The incidence of EARR in traumatised and non-traumatised teeth group were each 89.5% and 77.8%, respectively (root resorption less than 2 mm) after six months of orthodontic treatment. After 12 months of orthodontic treatment, all teeth showed EARR. There is no significant difference in the occurence of EARR between traumatized and nontraumatized teeth (p>0.05). In this study, traumatized and nontraumatized teeth develop EARR at the same rate after six and 12 months of orthodontic treatment. Hence, it is safe to do an orthodontic treatment to patients with dental trauma history.

Keywords: Dental trauma; incisor; orthodontic; root resorption

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*Corresponding author; email: shahroy7@gmail.com