Sains Malaysiana 46(9)(2017): 1513–1520

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4609-21

 

The Evaluation of Spatial Variation of Water Quality in Sungai Setiu Basin, Terengganu

(Penilaian Perubahan Reruang terhadap Kualiti Air di Lembangan Sungai Setiu, Terengganu)

 

IZYAN MUNIRAH M. ZAIDEEN¹, SUHAIMI SURATMAN¹ & NORHAYATI MOHD TAHIR^1,2*

 

¹Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia

 

²School of Marine Science and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia

 

Received: 30 May 2016/Accepted: 24 April 2017

 

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the spatial variation of water quality parameters in Sungai Setiu Basin at ten different locations from March 2010 to February 2011. The water quality was assessed using the Water Quality Index by Malaysian Department of Environment (DOE-WQI) and classified according to the Malaysia Interim National Water Quality Standard (INWQS). Six water quality parameters embedded in the DOE-WQI were dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) and total suspended solid (TSS). In addition, this study also examined the changes in water quality over the past 10 years by comparing the present water quality to the previous works. The overall mean WQI value obtained was 84.0 which indicate that the Sungai Setiu basin is in clean condition and all measured water quality parameters gave value within the permissible limits of the INWQS classification except for pH which fall in Class III. It can be concluded that water quality in Sungai Setiu does not varies greatly over a decade. Hence continuous monitoring is needed to improve the water quality and minimize water pollution.

 

Keywords: DOE-WQI; INWQS classification; physical parameters; Sungai Setiu basin (Malaysia)

 

 

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji variasi reruang bagi parameter kualiti air antara sepuluh lokasi yang berbeza di lembangan Sungai Setiu bermula pada Mac 2010 hingga Februari 2011. Kualiti air dinilai menggunakan Indeks Kualiti Air oleh Jabatan Alam Sekitar, Malaysia (IKA-JAS) dan dikelaskan mengikut Piawaian Interim Kualiti Air Kebangsaan, Malaysia (INWQS). Enam parameter yang digunakan dalam IKA-JAS telah dianalisis iaitu oksigen terlarut (DO), permintaan oksigen biokimia (BOD), permintaan oksigen kimia (COD), pH, ammoniakal nitrogen (AN) dan jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS). Di samping itu, kajian ini juga menentukan perubahan kualiti air sejak 10 tahun yang lalu melalui perbandingan dengan kajian yang terdahulu. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa nilai purata IKA yang diperoleh adalah 84.0 dan ini menunjukkan lembangan Sungai Setiu adalah dalam keadaan bersih dan semua parameter kualiti air yang diukur telah memberikan bacaan dalam had yang dibenarkan mengikut pengklasifikasian INWQS kecuali nilai pH yang berada dalam kelas III. Dapat disimpulkan bahawa kualiti air di lembangan Sungai Setiu tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang ketara untuk tempoh sedekad. Walau bagaimanapun, pemantauan berterusan diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualiti air dan mengurangkan pencemaran air.

 

Kata kunci: IKA-JAS; lembangan Sungai Setiu (Malaysia); parameter fizikal; pengklasifikasian INWQS

 

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*Corresponding author; email: hayati@umt.edu.my