Sains Malaysiana 46(9)(2017): 1521–1529

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4609-22

 

Pencirian Mikroskopi Butiran Kuarza Laut Cetek Muara Sungai Kelantan Hingga Pelantar Benua Laut China Selatan, Semenanjung Malaysia

(Microscopic Characterization of Quartz Grains of Shallow Water Sungai Kelantan Delta
into South China Sea Continental Shelf, Peninsular Malaysia)

 

NURUL AFIFAH MOHD RADZIR*, CHE AZIZ ALI & KAMAL ROSLAN MOHAMED

 

Program Geologi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 16 November 2016/Accepted: 21 June 2017

 

ABSTRAK

Pencirian butiran kuarza berskala mikro dengan menggunakan mikroskop pengimbas elektron (SEM) menemukan beberapa jenis kuarza yang mempunyai tekstur dan morfologi butiran kuarza berbeza. Penggunaan kaedah ini telah berjaya mengenal pasti enam jenis butiran kuarza iaitu kuarza jenis A, B, C, D, E dan F. Pengelasan dibuat berdasarkan tekstur dan morfologi butiran yang menggambarkan sejarah pengangkutan (proses mekanik) dan pengendapan yang telah dilalui oleh butiran kuarza tersebut. Keenam-enam jenis kuarza tersebut diterbitkan oleh dua faktor geologi iaitu genetik butiran kuarza dan proses mekanik semasa pengangkutan. Hasil daripada pembahagian faktor ini, dua wilayah taburan jenis butiran kuarza telah dikenal pasti iaitu wilayah I dan wilayah II. Wilayah I mencirikan kuarza yang mengalami proses mekanik lemah sehingga sederhana dan dikenal pasti sebagai sedimen Resen yang diangkut melalui Sungai Kelantan sebelum dienapkan ke dalam kawasan lembangan Laut China Selatan. Sedimen Resen ini menunjukkan tekstur permukaan yang tidak kasar dicirikan oleh tanda V berdiameter < 2 μm atau tiada dan berbentuk bulat hingga bersegi. Manakala, wilayah II pula mempunyai butiran kuarza yang telah mengalami proses mekanik yang sederhana tinggi sehingga sangat tinggi. Sedimen yang dicerap di wilayah II ini merupakan campuran sedimen Resen dan sedimen baki yang terdiri daripada sedimen sub-arkos lautan yang telah dienapkan sejak 5000 tahun lampau. Sedimen sub-arkos lautan ini mengalami beberapa kali proses mekanik yang menghasilkan tekstur yang kasar, tanda V <2 μm hingga >2 μm dan lelasan yang tinggi pada permukaan kuarza dan morfologi yang bulat hingga hampir sfera.

 

Kata kunci: Morfologi kuarza; proses mekanik; sedimen baki; sedimen resen; tekstur kuarza

 

ABSTRACT

Characterization of quartz grains by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has identified several quartz types with different textures and morphologies. By using this method, six types of quartz grains have been identified which are quartz type A, B, C, D, E and F based on textures and morphologies recorded during transportation (mechanical processes). The six types of quartz are the results of two factors which are genetic of quartz and mechanical processes during transportation. As a result of the distribution of this factors, two suites of detrital quartz was discovered which are province I and province II. Province I is characterised by distribution of low energy with poor mechanical processes and consists of recent sediments which was transported by the Sungai Kelantan. The recent sediments showed smooth to moderate rough surface texture with V marks size <2 μm or absent and have rounded to angular grain shape. Meanwhile, province II is characterised by moderate to high mechanical processes and sediments are represented by a mixture of recent and relict sediments which is known as marine sub-arkosic components that has been deposited since 5000 cal. yr. BP. The marine sub-arkosic components undergone some excessive mechanical processes that produces rough surfaces textures, V marks structure with size <2 μm to >2 μm, high abrasion on the surface of quartz and rounded to nearly spherical morphology.

 

Keywords: Mechanical process; recent sediments; relict sediments; quartz morphology; quartz texture

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*Corresponding author; email: nurulafifah.mradzir@ yahoo.com