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Sains Malaysiana 47(1)(2018): 9–18
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4701-02
An Epidemiological Study on Endoparasites of Domestic Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
in Egypt with Special Reference to
Their Health Impact
(Kajian Epidemiologi pada Endoparasit Arnab Domestik (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
di Mesir
dengan Rujukan Istimewa kepada Kesan ke atas Kesihatan Mereka)
ISMAIL ELSHAHAWY1* & ASHRAF ELGONIEMY2
1Department of Parasitology,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Egypt
2Department of Pharmacology,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Egypt
Received: 14 December
2016/Accepted: 3 September 2017
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed
to study the enteric parasites infection in domestic rabbits in
Upper Egypt and its impact on their health. A total of 298 faecal
samples were collected from different farms in Upper Egypt. Each
faecal sample was screened for parasitic isolation during
May 2011- October 2012. Furthermore, The Eimeria species
from samples containing isolated and sporulated
oocysts were morphologically identified under microscope. Additionally,
the Sheather's sugar flotation and Modified Zeihl
Neelsen techniques were used to detect
the Cryptosporidium species oocyst. According to results
of the present study, the overall enteric parasite infections in
rabbits was 68.12%, with 5.7% samples were found to be positive
for helminths (P. ambiguus) and
49% were found to harbour various species
of protozoa (Eimeria spp. and
Cryptosporidium oocysts). Influences of age, sex and breed
on the prevalence were recorded. Also, there was strong significant seasonal trends in the prevalence
of the recovered parasites. Eight species of Eimeria
were detected. Concurrent infection with two to eight Eimeria
species occurred most frequently. Cryptosporidium oocyst
was detected in 45 rabbits (15.1%). To the best of author's knowledge,
this the first report of E. piriformis and Cryptosporidium
species in rabbits in Egypt. Histopathological changes were indicative
of inflammatory reactions brought about by parasitic infection with
Eimeria species and its consequent
irritating effects on intestine. The current study showed the characteristics
of the prevalence of rabbit enteric parasite infection in Egypt
and provided relevant 'baseline' data for assessing the effectiveness
of future control strategies against these parasites in Egypt.
Keywords: Egypt; helminth;
pathology; prevalence; protozoa; rabbits
ABSTRAK
Penyelidikan ini telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji
jangkitan parasit enteron pada arnab domestik di Mesir Atas dan
kesannya ke atas kesihatan mereka. Sebanyak 298 sampel tinja telah diambil dari
ladang yang berlainan di Mesir Atas. Setiap
sampel tinja ini telah disaring untuk pengasingan parasit sepanjang
Mei 2011-Oktober 2012. Selain itu, spesies Eimeria daripada sampel yang mengandungi oosista yang dipencil
dan disporulat secara morfologi telah dikenal pasti di bawah mikroskop.
Di samping itu, pengapungan gula Sheather dan teknik ubah suai Zeihl
Neelsen telah digunakan untuk mengesan oosista spesies Cryptosporidium.
Menurut keputusan kajian ini, jangkitan keseluruhan parasit enteron dalam arnab adalah 68.12% dengan 5.7% daripada sampel didapati
positif untuk helmint (P. ambiguus) dan 49% didapati mempunyai
pelbagai spesies protozoa (Eimeria spp. dan Cryptosporidium
oosista). Pengaruh umur, jantina dan baka secara
lazim telah direkodkan. Selain itu, terdapat
pengaruh aliran musim secara lazim bagi parasit yang diambil.
Lapan spesies Eimeria telah dikesan. Jangkitan serentak dengan
dua hingga lapan spesies Eimeria berlaku paling kerap. Oosista
Cryptosporidium dikesan pada 45 arnab (15.1%). Sepanjang
pengetahuan penulis, ini merupakan laporan pertama E.
piriformis dan spesies Cryptosporidium
pada arnab di Mesir. Perubahan patologi menunjukkan
tindak balas keradangan yang disebabkan oleh jangkitan parasit dengan
spesies Eimeria dan kesannya merengsa pada usus. Kajian ini
menunjukkan ciri kelaziman jangkitan parasit enteron pada arnab di Mesir dan menyediakan data 'garis dasar' untuk
menilai keberkesanan strategi masa hadapan terhadap kawalan parasit
di Mesir..
Kata kunci: Arnab; helmint; kelaziman; Mesir; patologi; protozoa
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*Corresponding author; email: dr.ismail_para@yahoo.com
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