Sains Malaysiana 47(6)(2018): 1293–1302

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4706-26

Kesan Kandungan Fosfat Berbeza terhadap Pembentukan Morfologi Permukaan, Penghabluran, Fasa, Ikatan Kimia dan Kekuatan Mampatan Bio-kaca Sol-Gel Tersinter

(Effect of Different Phosphate Content towards the Surface Morphology Formation, Chemical Bond, Crystallization, Phase and Compressive Strength of Sintered Sol-Gel Bio-glass)

SYED NUZUL FADZLI SYED ADAM^1*, ROSLINDA SHAMSUDIN¹, FIRUZ ZAINUDDIN²

& MOHD REUSMAAZRAN YUSOF³

¹School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis Indera Kayangan

Malaysia

³Material Technology Group, Industrial Technology Department, Malaysia Nuclear Agency

43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 12 October 2017/Accepted: 29 January 2018

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan kandungan fosfat berbeza (X = 10, 15 dan 20% mol) terhadap pembentukan morfologi permukaan, ikatan kimia, penghabluran, fasa dan kekuatan mampatan kaca sol-gel tersinter. Serbuk kaca gel dengan komposisi 50SiO₂.(50-X).CaO.XP₂O₅ (dalam peratusan mol) disediakan melalui kaedah sol-gel, dimampat membentuk pelet dan disinter pada suhu 1200°C selama 3 jam. Didapati bahawa dengan peningkatan kandungan fosfat, mikrostruktur kaca tersinter yang lebih padat terhasil disebabkan peningkatan pemadatan jasad, pengurangan keliangan ketara dan pembentukan butiran dan sempadan butiran berhablur yang lebih besar. Peningkatan sebanyak 20% mol kandungan fosfat meningkatkan vitrifikasi (fasa kekaca) pada permukaan kaca tersinter yang mana meningkatkan pemadatan jasad kepada 83.56%, kekuatan mampatan pada 113 MPa dan penurunan peratusan penghabluran pada sekitar 66%. Analisis EDS menunjukkan peningkatan kandungan fosfat menyebabkan peningkatan unsur Si-O pada fasa amorfus dan unsur P-O pada fasa berhablur. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan berlaku pemisahan fasa kaya fosfat dan fasa kaya silikat dan pada masa sama meningkatkan rangkaian tetrahedra silikat (Si-O-Si) dan fosfat (P-O-P) kaca tersinter. Peningkatan kandungan fosfat meningkatkan kumpulan berfungsi berkaitan fosfat hablur dan mengurangkan kumpulan berfungsi berkaitan silikat hablur. Ini menyebabkan peningkatan pembentukan fasa silikokarnotit, Ca₅ (PO₄)₂ (SiO₄) dalam matriks kaca tersinter dengan peningkatan kandungan fosfat yang ditunjukkan melalui analisis XRD.

Kata kunci: Bio-kaca; fosfat; kaca tersinter; kekuatan mampatan; sol-gel

ABSTRACT

This research aimed to study the effect of different phosphate content (X=10, 15 and 20 mol %) towards the surface morphology formation, chemical bond, crystallization, phase and compressive strength of sintered sol-gel glass. Gel glass powder with composition of 50SiO₂.(50-X)CaO.XP₂O₅ (in mol percent) was prepared via sol-gel method, compress into pellets and sintered at 1200°C for 3 h. It was found that, as phosphate content increased, denser microstructure of sintered glass was achieved due to enhanced body densification, less apparent porosities and formation of larger crystal grain and boundaries. Increased in 20% mol of phosphate content increased vitrification (glassy phase) on the sintered glass surface in which increased densifications to 83.56%, compressive strength at 113 MPa and reduced crystallinity percent at around 66%. EDS analysis showed, as phosphate content increased, Si-O elements at amorphous phase and P-O elements at crytallized phase were also increased. FTIR analysis showed that, a separation of phosphate rich phase and silicate rich phase is occured and at the same time increased the silicate (Si-O-Si) and phosphate (P-O-P) tetrahedral network of the sintered glass. Increased in phosphate content also increased the functional groups related with phosphate crystal and reduces the functional groups related to silicate crystal. This caused increased of silicocarnotite, Ca₅ (PO₄)₂ (SiO₄) phase formation in the sintered glass matrice as phosphate content increased as showed by XRD analysis.

Keywords: Bio-glass; compressive strength; phosphate; sintered glass; sol-gel

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*Corresponding author; email: syed.nuzul@unimap. edu.my