Sains Malaysiana 47(9)(2018): 1991–1997

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4709-06

Kesan Gynura procumbens terhadap Integriti DNA dan Kualiti Sperma Mencit

(Effects of Gynura procumbens on DNA Integrity and Sperm Quality of Mice)

EMYNURSHIELA ANUAR, UMARQAYUM ABU BAKAR & MAHANEM MAT NOOR*

Pusat Pengajian Biosains dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 46300 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 14 September 2017/Accepted: 28 May 2018

ABSTRAK

Masalah kesuburan disebabkan oleh faktor lelaki semakin meningkat dan setakat ini belum ada rawatan yang berjaya menyelesaikan masalah ini. Gynura procumbens adalah antara herba yang dikatakan berpotensi merawat masalah ini. Pengambilan G. procumbens sebagai diet telah didapati meningkatkan bilangan dan motiliti sperma, namun kesan G. procumbens terhadap integriti DNA sperma masih tidak diketahui. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti kesan tindakan ekstrak G. procumbens terhadap integriti DNA dan kualiti sperma mencit jantan. Empat kumpulan mencit diberikan suapan paksa ekstrak G. procumbens (100, 200 dan 300 mg/mL) dan air suling selama 28 hari berturut-turut. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan ciri-ciri DNA nukleus sperma adalah normal dan nilai peratusan DNA utuh melebihi 92% pada semua kumpulan. Bilangan sperma bagi kesemua mencit yang menerima rawatan G. procumbens menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan (p<0.05) berbanding kawalan (8.14 ± 1.06) × 10⁶ dan kumpulan kepekatan 300 mg/mL menunjukkan bacaan bilangan sperma tertinggi (16.54 ± 3.2) × 10⁶. Kumpulan 300 mg/mL ini turut mencatatkan peratus jumlah pergerakan progresif sperma yang paling tinggi iaitu sebanyak 49.52% berbanding 27.7% bagi kumpulan kawalan serta menunjukkan peringkat perkembangan sel spermatogen yang lengkap dan teratur. Secara kesimpulannya, kajian ini mendapati bahawa ekstrak G. procumbens tidak merosakkan DNA sperma serta meningkatkan beberapa parameter kesuburan mencit jantan.

Kata kunci: Asai komet; Gynura procumbens; integriti DNA; kualiti sperma

ABSTRACT

Issues of male infertility are growing and currently, there are no successful treatments were able to overcome it. Gynura procumbens is a type of herbal plant that might has a potential to treat this problem. There are previous increase in the number and motility of sperm when G. procumbens was consumed as a diet, however the effect of G. procumbens on the integrity of sperm DNA is still unknown. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the effect of G. procumbens extract on the DNA integrity and quality of sperm from male mice. Four groups of mice were force fed with G. procumbens extract (100, 200 and 300 mg/mL) and distilled water for a continuously 28 days. All doses of G. procumbens and control showed that characteristics of the sperm DNA were normal and the percentage of intact DNA in the sperm head were above 92%. All treatments with G. procumbens exhibited significant (p<0.05) increase in the number of sperm count compared to control, (8.14 ± 1.06) × 10⁶ and treatment with 300 mg/mL exhibited the highest of sperm count (16.54 ± 3.2) × 10⁶. The percentage of progressive motility of the sperm from this group was also the highest (49.52%) compared to control (27.7%) and exhibited a complete spermatogenic cell’s developmental phases. In conclusion, this study clearly demonstrated that G. procumbens extract did not cause DNA damage for the sperm and a few male fertility parameters were improved.

Keywords: Comet assay; DNA integrity; Gynura procumbens; sperm quality

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*Corresponding author; email: mahanem@ukm.edu.my