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Sains Malaysiana 47(9)(2018): 2141–2149 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4709-23 Mechanical and Bioactive Properties of Mullite
Reinforced Pseudowollastonite Biocomposite
(Sifat Mekanik dan
Kebioaktifan Biokomposit
Pseudowolastonit Diperkuat dengan Mulit) FARAH ‘ATIQAH ABDUL
AZAM1,
ROSLINDA
SHAMSUDIN1*,
MIN
HWEI
NG2,
ZALITA
ZAINUDDIN1,
MUHAMMAD
AZMI
ABDUL
HAMID1
& RASHITA ABDUL RASHID3 1School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 2Tissue Engineering Centre, 12th Floor, Clinical Block, UKM Medical
Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur,
Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia 3Mineral Research Centre, Minerals, and Geoscience Department, 31400
Ipoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan,
Malaysia Received:
14 March 2018/Accepted: 2 June 2018 ABSTRACT Bioactive composites
consist of pseudowollastonite and
mullite synthesized from natural resources
was developed for bone implant applications. To realize such
applications, a mechanical test of these composites and in vitro bioactivity in SBF solution were studied. The present
paper reports pseudowollastonite synthesized
from the rice husk ash and limestone reinforced with 10, 20
and 30 wt. % of mullite. Influence of sintering temperature, phase composition,
morphology towards mechanical properties of various pseudowollastonite-mullite (PSW-M)
composites was examined prior to the bioactivity test. It was
found that pseudowollastonite with the addition of 20 wt. % of mullite sintered at 1150°C gave the best result for
diametral tensile strength (DTS)
and hardness with the value of 8.8 ± 0.15 MPa and 3.79 ± 0.13
GPa, respectively. The obvious increment in the mechanical
strength was due to the formation of liquid phase CaAl2O3 during
sintering at 1150°C. In addition, the formation of fibrous
apatite (HA)
layer of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) with Ca/P ratio 1.8 on PSW20M
sample confirmed the good bioactivity of the composite. Keywords: Bioactivity;
mechanical; mullite; pseudowollastonite ABSTRAK Komposit bioaktif yang terdiri
daripada pseudowolastonit
dan mulit disintesis
daripada sumber
semula jadi telah
dibangunkan untuk
aplikasi implan tulang. Untuk merealisasikan aplikasi ini, ujian mekanik
dan kebioaktifan
secara in vitro dalam larutan badan
tersimulasi (SBF) bagi
komposit ini
telah dijalankan. Kajian pada kali ini melaporkan pseudowolastonit yang disintesis
daripada abu sekam
padi dan
batu kapur yang diperkuat dengan 10, 20 dan 30 % bt.
kandungan mulit.
Pengaruh suhu sinteran, komposisi, fasa dan morfologi terhadap
sifat mekanik
komposit pseudowolastonit-mulit
(PSW-M)
telah dianalisis
sebelum ujian kebioaktifan
dijalankan. Keputusan
mendapati pseudowolastonit
dengan penambahan 20 % bt. mulit
yang disinter pada suhu
1150°C memberikan hasil
yang terbaik untuk
kekuatan regangan diameter (DTS)
dan kekerasan
masing-masing dengan nilai 8.8 ± 0.15 MPa dan 3.79 ±
0.13 GPa. Peningkatan
kekuatan mekanik yang ketara ini adalah
disebabkan oleh
pembentukan fasa cair CaAl2O3 semasa proses sinteran pada suhu 1150°C. Di samping itu, pembentukan
lapisan apatit
(HA)
jenis kalsium
fosfat amorfus (ACP)
dengan nisbah (Ca / P: 1.8) bagi sampel PSW20M
pada hari
ke-7 membuktikan kebioaktifan yang baik daripada komposit
ini. Kata kunci: Kebioaktifan;
mekanik; mulit;
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*Corresponding author; email: linda@ukm.edu.my
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