Sains Malaysiana 47(9)(2018): 2163–2169

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4709-26

 

Effects of Kenaf Loading and Alkaline Treatment on Properties of Kenaf Filled Natural Rubber Latex Foam

(Kesan Pembebanan Kenaf dan Perawatan Alkali ke atas Sifat Busa Lateks Getah Asli Terisi Kenaf)

 

AHMAD FIKRI ABDUL KARIM1, HANAFI ISMAIL1,2* & ZULKIFLI MOHAMAD ARIFF1

 

1School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

 

2Clusters for Polymer Composites (CPC), Science and Engineering Research Centre, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

 

Received: 21 June 2017/Accepted: 21 May 2018

 

ABSTRACT

 

This research was carried out to study the effects of kenaf loading and alkaline treatment on tensile properties, density, thermal and morphological properties of kenaf filled natural rubber latex foam (NRLF). Samples were prepared using a Dunlop method. From the results, increasing loading of kenaf reduced the tensile strength and elongation at break for both samples, treated and untreated kenaf filled NRLF. Meanwhile, modulus at 100% elongation and density increased with an increased in kenaf loading. Samples with treated kenaf showed higher tensile strength, modulus at 100% elongation and density but low in elongation at break as compared with samples with untreated kenaf. Thermal study by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that thermal stability reduced with increased in kenaf loading for both samples. Samples with treated kenaf have higher thermal stability compared with samples of untreated kenaf. The filler-matrix interaction and the pores size variation of both samples was clearly seen in the micrograph images by using scanning electron microscope (SEM).

 

Keywords: Alkaline treatment; foam; kenaf; latex

 

ABSTRAK

 

Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji kesan pembebanan kenaf dan perawatan alkali ke atas sifat tensil, ketumpatan, terma dan morfologi busa lateks getah asli terisi kenaf (NRLF). Sampel telah disediakan menggunakan kaedah Dunlop. Keputusan menunjukkan pertambahan pembebanan kenaf mengurangkan kekuatan tensil dan pemanjangan pada takat putus untuk kedua-dua sampel NRLF terisi kenaf terawat dan tidak terawat. Manakala, modulus pada 100% pemanjangan dan ketumpatan meningkat dengan peningkatan pembebanan kenaf. Sampel dengan kenaf terawat menunjukkan kekuatan tensil, modulus pada 100% pemanjangan dan ketumpatan yang lebih tinggi tetapi rendah pemanjangan pada takat putus berbanding sampel dengan kenaf tidak terawat. Kajian terma menggunakan analisis termogravimetrik (TGA) menunjukkan kestabilan terma berkurang dengan peningkatan pembebanan kenaf untuk kedua-kedua sampel. Sampel dengan kenaf terawat mempunyai kestabilan terma yang lebih tinggi berbanding sampel tanpa rawatan. Interaksi pengisi-matriks dan perubahan saiz liang di dalam kedua-dua sampel boleh dilihat dengan jelas di dalam imej mikrograf menggunakan mikroskop elektron imbasan (SEM).

 

Kata kunci: Busa; kenaf; lateks; perawatan alkali

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*Corresponding author; email: ihanafi@usm.my/profhanafi@gmail.com

 

 

 

 

 

 

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