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Sains Malaysiana 48(1)(2019): 111–119
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4801-13
Functions
and Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins: A Review
(Fungsi
dan Penggunaan Protein Tanah Berkaitan Glomalin: Suatu Ulasan)
WEI-QIN GAO1, PENG WANG2 & QIANG-SHENG WU1,3*
1College
of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
2Institute of Citrus
Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, China
3Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove
50003, Czech Republic
Received: 12 May 2018/Accepted: 10 September 2018
ABSTRACT
Glomalin that is a kind of glycoprotein produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal
fungi in the phylum Glomeromycota, has some characteristics of hydrophobins with insolubility and
difficulty in its extraction. The protein is highly homologous with
heat shock protein 60. In soils, glomalin is measured as glomalin-related
soil protein (GRSP). GRSP is
highly positively correlated with soil aggregate stability, because
it is a new component of soil organic matter. The mycorrhiza-released
glomalin has represented potential functioning in soil ecosystems,
which include promoting the storage of soil organic carbon, improving
the structure of soil aggregates, enhancing the resistance of plants,
and reducing the metal toxicity of plants. In addition, some potted
and field experiments have been performed to exogenously apply the
GRSP in crop plants to confirm the GRSP
roles. Hence, GRSP is one of the most significant
multidisciplinary topics between fungal physiology and soil biochemistry.
Despite much work performed on glomalin from 1996, there are still
gaps of GRSP that needs to be solved, including purification, structural
features and environmental responses.
Keywords: Carbon cycle; drought stress; extraction; mycorrhiza;
soil aggregation
ABSTRAK
Glomalin merupakan sejenis glikoprotein yang dihasilkan oleh kulat
mikoriza arbuskel pada filum Glomeromycota, mempunyai ciri-ciri hidrofobin dengan ketidaklarutan dan kesukaran
dalam pengekstrakan. Protein adalah sangat homolog dengan protein
kejutan haba 60. Dalam tanah, glomalin diukur sebagai protein tanah
berkaitan glomalin (GRSP). GRSP adalah
sangat positif berkolerasi dengan kestabilan agregat tanah, kerana
ia adalah satu komponen baharu jirim tanah organik. Glomalin pelepasan
mikoriza telah mewakili potensi berfungsi dalam ekosistem tanah,
termasuk menggalakkan penyimpanan karbon organik tanah, memperbaiki
struktur agregat tanah, meningkatkan ketahanan tumbuh-tumbuhan dan
mengurangkan logam ketoksikan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Di samping itu, sesetengah
uji kaji tanaman pasu dan lapangan telah dijalankan secara eksogen
untuk menggunakan GRSP dalam
tanaman tumbuhan untuk mengesahkan peranan GRSP.
Oleh itu, GRSP adalah salah satu daripada topik pelbagai disiplin
yang paling ketara antara kulat fisiologi dan biokimia tanah. Walaupun
banyak kerja yang dilakukan pada glomalin dari tahun 1996, masih
terdapat jurang GRSP
yang perlu diselesaikan, termasuk penulenan, ciri
struktur dan tindak balas alam sekitar.
Kata kunci: Kitaran karbon;
mikoriza; pengagregatan tanah; pengekstrakan; tekanan kemarau
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*Corresponding author; email: wuqiangsh@163.com
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