Sains Malaysiana 48(1)(2019): 93–102

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4801-11

Optimization of the Production of Lovastatin from Aspergillus sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178 under Static Liquid Culture using Response Surface Methodology

(Pengoptimuman Pengeluaran Lovastatin daripada Aspergillus sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178 di bawah Kultur Cecair Statik menggunakan Kaedah Gerak Balas Permukaan)

SUDARAT SUWANNARAT¹, JUTARUT IEWKITTAYAKORN¹, YAOWAPA SUKPONDMA², VATCHARIN RUKACHAISIRIKUL², SOUWALAK PHONGPAICHIT³ & WILAIWAN CHOTIGEAT^1,4*

¹Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

³Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

⁴Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

Received: 13 October 2017/Accepted: 5 September 2018

ABSTRACT

The effect of lovastatin on cholesterol synthesis is well known. Although lovastatin has been produced from several Aspergillus species and cultivation systems, the yield of lovastatin from Aspergillus sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178 in a static liquid system has not yet been determined. Therefore, the objective of this study was to optimize lovastatin production from this strain using a central composite design developed through response surface methodology (RSM). The inoculum was prepared from mycelium or spore cultured in static liquid and shaking systems with potato dextrose broth (PDB) as the medium. The best inoculum preparation and cultivation systems were selected to study the optimization of the four fermentation parameters of medium concentration (X-5X), temperature (25-37°C), culture medium to flask volume ratio (2.5-12.5) and time (7-35 days). The best inoculum preparation was the mycelium method and the best cultivation system was the static liquid system. In the optimization procedure, a yield of 1315.69 mg/L lovastatin was obtained at a PDB concentration of 5X, a temperature of 25°C, a medium to flask volume ratio of 1:2.5 and a time of 21 days. In a model employing the optimized parameters, temperature was found to have the most effect on lovastatin production, which will decrease if temperature increases above 25°C. Based on this study, A. sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178 can be a useful strain for producing lovastatin and RSM as an optimization technique not only reduced the number of experiments but also resulted in an optimized lovastatin yield.

Keywords: Aspergillus sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178; hypercholesterolemic; liquid static culture; lovastatin; RSM

ABSTRAK

Kesan lovastatin pada sintesis kolesterol telah diketahui. Walaupun lovastatin dihasilkan daripada beberapa spesies Aspergillus dan sistem penanaman, hasil bagi lovastatin daripada Aspergillus sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178 dalam sistem cecair statik masih belum ditentukan. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengoptimumkan pengeluaran lovastatin daripada strain ini menggunakan reka bentuk komposit pusat yang dibangunkan melalui kaedah gerak balas permukaan (RSM). Inokulum disediakan daripada miselium atau spora dikultur dalam cecair statik dan sistem goncangan dengan kaldu kentang dektrosa (PDB) sebagai medium. Sistem penyediaan dan penanaman inokulum terbaik telah dipilih untuk kajian pengoptimuman empat parameter penapaian kepekatan sederhana (X-5X), suhu (25-37°C), kultur medium kepada nisbah isi padu kelalang (2.5-12.5) dan masa (7-35 hari). Persediaan inokulum terbaik adalah kaedah miselium dan sistem penanaman terbaik adalah sistem cecair statik. Dalam prosedur pengoptimuman, hasil lovastatin sebanyak 1315.69 mg/L telah diperoleh pada kepekatan PDB 5X, suhu 25°C, medium kepada nisbah isi padu kelalang 1:2.5 dan tempoh masa 21 hari. Model yang menggunakan parameter optimum, suhu didapati memberi kesan ketara pada pengeluaran lovastatin, yang akan berkurang jika suhu meningkat melebihi 25°C. Berdasarkan kajian ini, A. sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178 boleh menjadi strain yang berguna untuk menghasilkan lovastatin dan RSM sebagai teknik pengoptimuman yang bukan sahaja mengurangkan bilangan uji kaji tetapi juga memberikan hasil optimum lovastatin.

Kata kunci: Aspergillus sclerotiorum PSU-RSPG178; hiperkolesterol; kultur cecair statik; lovastatin; RSM

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*Corresponding author; email: wilaiwan58@hotmail.com