Sains Malaysiana 48(7)(2019): 1503–1511

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4807-19

The Association of ICAM-1 Detected by Immunohistochemical Staining with Triple Negative and Non-Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma

(Perkaitan ICAM-1 Dikesan oleh Pewarnaan Imunohistokimia dengan Karsinoma Payudara Ganda Tiga Negatif dan Bukan-Ganda Tiga Negatif)

CHONG CHOI YEN & SABREENA SAFUAN*

School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

Received: 29 July 2018/Accepted: 2 May 2019

ABSTRACT

Metastasis of tumour cell greatly contributes to the cause of mortality. Tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) and the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were associated with metastases of breast carcinoma. However, the relationship between lymphatic vessel densities and invasion with TAM and ICAM-1 remained unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of lymphovascular densities and invasions with patient’s clinicopathological data. The roles of TAM and ICAM-1 influencing lymphovascular invasions were also investigated. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining on a consecutive section of 37 formalin fixed-paraffin embedded (FFPE) breast invasive carcinoma samples were carried out. The D2-40, CD34, CD163, and ICAM-1 antibodies were used to stain lymphatic vessel, blood vessel, TAM, and ICAM-1 receptor, respectively. The total lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was significantly reduced on increased tumor size (p=0.045). The increase of intra-tumoral LVD and lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) was significantly associated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative status (p=0.022 and p=0.05, respectively). The percentage of LVI was higher than blood vessel invasion (BVI) in 18.5%. Lymphovascular invasions detected in H&E were missed in 49.76% compared with those detected in IHC-stained tissues (206/410). ICAM-1 scores were significantly associated with non-triple negative breast cancer (non-TNBC) (p=0.008). ICAM-1 is significantly overexpressed on non-TNBC sample. Therefore, ICAM-1 might be clinically useful as a targeted molecule for non-TNBC patients. In histological reporting, in addition to H&E staining, IHC staining using D2-40 and CD34 should be considered to increase the accuracy of diagnosis.

Keywords: Breast carcinoma; CD34; D2-40; ICAM-1; lymphovascular invasion

ABSTRAK

Metastasis sel tumor menyumbang kepada mortaliti. Makrofaj berkaitan tumor (TAM) dan molekul lekatan antara sel 1 (ICAM-1) dikaitkan dengan metastasis karsinoma payudara. Walau bagaimanapun, hubungan antara ketumpatan dan pencerobohan saluran limfa oleh TAM dan ICAM-1 masih tidak jelas. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji hubungan antara ketumpatan dan pencerobohan limfovaskular dengan data klinikopatologi pesakit. Peranan TAM dan ICAM-1 yang mempengaruhi pencerobohan limfovaskular juga dikaji. Pewarnaan hematoksilin dan eosin (H&E) dan imunohistokimia (IHC) pada hirisan berterusan 37 sampel awetan formalin dan benaman parafin (FFPE) karsinoma invasif payudara telah dijalankan. Antibodi D2-40, CD34, CD163, dan ICAM-1 masing-masing digunakan untuk mewarna saluran limfa, saluran darah, TAM, dan reseptor ICAM-1. Ketumpatan saluran limfatik (LVD) berkurangan dengan ketara pada saiz tumor yang meningkat (p=0.045). Peningkatan LVD dan pencerobohan saluran limfatik (LVI) intra-tumoral berkait dengan reseptor faktor pertumbuhan epidermis manusia 2 (HER2) negatif (p=0.022 dan p=0.05). Peratusan LVI adalah lebih tinggi daripada pencerobohan saluran darah (BVI) pada 18.5%. Pencerobohan limfovaskular yang dikesan dalam H&E adalah 49.76% berbanding yang dikesan dalam tisu yang diwarnakan dengan IHC (206/410). Skor ICAM-1 adalah berkaitan secara signifikan dengan kanser payudara bukan tiga negatif (bukan-TNBC) (p=0.008). ICAM-1 secara signifikan meningkat pada sampel bukan-TNBC. Oleh itu, ICAM-1 mungkin berguna secara klinikal sebagai molekul sasaran untuk merawat pesakit bukan-TNBC. Dalam laporan histologi, sebagai tambahan kepada pewarnaan H&E, pewarnaan IHC menggunakan D2-40 dan CD34 perlu dipertimbangkan untuk meningkatkan ketepatan diagnosis.

Kata kunci: CD34; D2-40; ICAM-1; karsinoma payudara; pencerobohan limfovaskular

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*Corresponding author; email: sabreena@usm.my