Sains Malaysiana 49(1)(2020): 103-112

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4901-12

Effect of Purified Soluble Polysaccharides Extracted from Gray Oyster Mushroom [Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing.] on 3t3-L1 Adipocytes

(Kesan Polisakarida Terlarut Tulen Diekstrak daripada Cendawan Tiram [Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing.] pada Adiposit 3t3-L1)

DECHA SERMWITTAYAWONG¹*, KULWANIT PATNINAN¹, CHANAWEE JAKKAWANPITAK¹, SOMRUTHAI PHOTHIPHIPHIT², SIWARUTT BOONYARATTANAKALIN², MASASHI INAFUKU³, HIROSUKE OKU³, KUSUMARN NOIPHA⁴ & NONGPORN HUTADILOK-TOWATANA⁵

¹Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand

²School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand

³Molecular Biotechnology Group, Center of Molecular Biosciences, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan

⁴Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Thaksin University, Paphayom, Phatthalung, 93110, Thailand

⁵Krisana Kraisintu Foundation, 13/217 Plum Condominiums Phaholyothi, Thailand

Received: 24 May 2019/Accepted: 15 October 2019

ABSTRACT

Functional mushroom polysaccharides have been known to the Asian traditional medicine for many years.  The anti-obesity activity of mushroom polysaccharides has been illustrated both in vivo and in vitro. However, the effect of pure polysaccharides on isolated fat cells has not been demonstrated. In this study, we used hot water and ammonium oxalate to extract polysaccharides from gray oyster mushroom [Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing.] and subsequently purified with enzymatic digestion, solvent extraction and ion-exchange chromatography. One of the fractions, 7S1-1, has the highest yield and purity and contains polysaccharides with the molecular weight around 500 kDa. In addition, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and monosaccharide composition analyses showed that this 7S1-1 sample contains mostly B-glucan and some mannan. We find that the 7S1-1 fraction does not affect the total amount of triglycerides in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes but promotes a release of glycerol of the fat cells, suggesting that the fraction does not inhibit adipogenesis but stimulates lipolysis. Laminarin, a small B-glucan, confers similar results to the 7S1-1 sample, but it could not stimulate lipolysis as well as the 7S1-1 sample. Therefore, these results suggest a potential anti-obesity activity of the mushroom polysaccharides.

Keywords: Anti-obesity; lipolysis; Pleurotus sajor-caju; polysaccharides; 3T3-L1 adipocytes

ABSTRAK

Cendawan fungsian polisakarida telah digunakan dalam perubatan tradisi di Asia selama bertahun-tahun. Aktiviti anti-obesiti cendawan polisakarida telah ditunjukkan secara in vivo dan in vitro. Walau bagaimanapun, kesan polisakarida tulen pada pencilan sel lemak belum pernah ditunjukkan. Dalam kajian ini, kami menggunakan air panas dan ammonium oksalat untuk mengekstrak polisakarida daripada cendawan tiram [Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing.]  dan kemudiannya ditulenkan dengan penghadaman enzim, pengekstrakan pelarut dan kromatografi pertukaran ion. Salah satu daripada pecahan, 7S1-1, mempunyai hasil dan penulenan tertinggi serta mengandungi polisakarida dengan berat molekul sekitar 500 kDa. Di samping itu, Spektroskopi transformasi Fourier inframerah (FTIR) dan analisis monosakarida menunjukkan bahawa sampel 7S1-1 ini mengandungi B-glukan kebanyakannya dan sedikit mannan. Kami mendapati bahawa pecahan 7S1-1 tidak memberi kesan kepada jumlah trigliserida dalam adiposit 3T3-L1 tetapi menggalakkan pembebasan gliserol daripada sel lemak, justeru mencadangkan bahawa pecahan tidak menghalang adipogenesis tetapi merangsang lipolisis. Laminarin, B-glukan kecil menghasilkan keputusan yang sama kepada sampel 7S1-1, tetapi ia tidak boleh merangsang lipolisis sebaik sampel 7S1-1. Oleh itu, keputusan ini mencadangkan aktiviti anti-obesiti yang berpotensi daripada cendawan polisakarida.

Kata kunci: Adiposit 3T3-L1;  anti-obesiti; lipolisis; Pleurotus sajor-caju; polisakarida

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*Corresponding author; email: decha.s@psu.ac.th