Sains Malaysiana 49(3)(2020): 545-552

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4903-09

Production and Characterization of Spray-Dried Swamp Eel (Monopterus albus) Protein Hydrolysate Prepared by Papain

(Pengeluaran dan Pencirian Hidrolisat Protein Belut Paya Semburan Kering (Monopterus albus) disediakan melalui Papain)

SRI PRIATNI¹*, KEZIA HARIMADI², EFENDI BUANA², WAWAN KOSASIH¹ & ROHMATUSSOLIHAT ROHMATUSSOLIHAT³

¹Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia

²Surya University, Indonesia

³Research Center for Biotechnology LIPI, Indonesia

Received: 2 September 2019/Accepted: 5 December 2019

ABSTRACT

Protein hydrolysate from swamp eel (Monopterus albus) has been prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis process using papain enzyme. Evaluation of the extent of protein hydrolysis was conducted by measuring the degree of hydrolysis (DH). The optimization of protein hydrolysate production has been carried out by analyzing the influences of papain enzyme concentration, temperature, and time of hydrolysis on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) using RSM design. The optimized product was spray-dried and analyzed the proximate (moisture, lipid, protein) content and the yield (%). The fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) powder product was characterized by the foaming capacity and stability, and also by FTIR, DSC and PSA methods. The optimum condition of enzymatic hydrolysis of swamp eel protein was obtained by an addition 0.49 % of papain enzyme at 45^oC for 9 hours. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) of this product was 7.96 % with a yield of 14.72 %. The foaming capacity of swamp eel protein hydrolysate powder was between 12.5 - 62.5 % and the foaming stability was between 3.22 - 31.25 %. The highest foaming capacity and stability of this product was reached at pH 4.0. Based on the spectrum FTIR analysis, the FPH product contained amines, aromatics, aliphatics, amide B and amide II groups. DSC analysis of the FPH product showed two peaks (Tm) at 65 ^oC and 108.5 ^oC. The particle size of the FPH powder product was distributed within 100 nm-1500 nm range with the highest intensity was 8.91 %. This study shows the potential usage of swamp eel for the production of FPH by enzymatic hydrolysis using papain enzyme with high yield and serves as a protein supplement.

Keywords: Monopterus albus; papain; protein hydrolysate

Abstrak

Hidrolisat protein daripada belut paya (Monopterus albus) telah disediakan melalui proses hidrolisis enzim dengan menggunakan enzim papain. Penilaian tahap hidrolisis protein telah dijalankan dengan mengukur darjah hidrolisis (DH). Pengoptimuman pengeluaran hidrolisat protein telah dijalankan dengan menganalisis kepekatan enzim papain, suhu dan masa hidrolisis pada darjah hidrolisis (DH) menggunakan reka bentuk RSM. Produk yang dioptimumkan adalah sembur-kering dan analisis kandungan proksimat serta hasil (%). Produk serbuk protein hidrolisat (FPH) dicirikan melalui kapasiti buih dan kestabilan serta kaedah FTIR, DSC dan PSA. Keadaan yang optimum untuk enzim hidrolisis daripada protein belut paya diperoleh dengan penambahan 0.49 % enzim papain pada 45 ^oC untuk 9 jam. Darjah hidrolisis (DH) produk ini adalah 7.96 % dengan hasil sebanyak 14.72 %. Kapasiti buih serbuk hidrolisat protein belut paya adalah antara 12.5-62.5 % dan kestabilan buih adalah antara 3.22-31.25 %. Kapasiti buih tertinggi dan kestabilan produk ini telah dicapai pada pH4.0. Berdasarkan analisis spektrum FTIR, produk FPH mengandungi kumpulan amina, aromatik, alifatik, amida B dan amida II. Analisis DSC produk FPH menunjukkan dua puncak (Tm) pada 65 ^oC dan 108.5 ^oC. Saiz zarah produk serbuk FPH diagihkan dalam julat lingkungan 100 nm-1500 nm dengan keamatan tertinggi adalah pada 8.91 %. Kajian ini menunjukkan potensi penggunaan belut paya untuk pengeluaran FPH melalui hidrolisis enzim menggunakan enzim papain dengan hasil yang tinggi dan berfungsi sebagai protein tambahan.

Kata kunci: Hidrolisat protein; Monopterus albus; papain

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*Corresponding author; email: sripriatni@gmail.com