Sains Malaysiana 50(11)(2021): 3263-3273

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5011-10

Hidrogel Berasaskan Pektin Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus  polyrhizus) sebagai Pembawa Ubat melalui Sistem Penghantar Oral

(Pectin Based Hydrogel from Dragon Fruit Peels (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as Drug Carrier via Oral Delivery System)

AZWAN MAT LAZIM¹*, FARAHAIN MOKHTAR¹, KALAIVANI SANGER¹, A. AZFARALARIFF¹, IZWAN ISHAK¹, I. FAIZ MUSTAFA¹, S.I. ZUBAIRI¹, SHAZRUL FAZRY¹, RIZAFIZAH OTHAMAN¹, MAZLAN MOHAMED², NORHAKIMIN ABDULLAH² & H. HISHAM HAMZAH³

¹Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Fakulti  Biokejuruteraan dan Teknologi (FBET), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kampus Jeli 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

³Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

Received: 21 October 2020/ Accepted: 4 March 2021

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada aplikasi hidrogel berasaskan ekstrak pektin daripada kulit buah naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) yang digunakan sebagai biobahan pembawa ubat. Sebanyak 5 sampel telah disediakan dengan peratus komposisi pektin yang berbeza (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%). Keputusan menunjukkan hidrogel dengan 1.0% pektin telah mengembang secara maksimum pada pH 7. Imej daripada mikroskop elektron pengimbas (SEM) mendapati saiz keporosan hidrogel  meningkat dengan penambahan pektin. Potensi hidrogel sebagai agen pembawa ubat telah dilakukan dengan melihat kecekapan muatan ubat, ujian perlepasan ubat dan ujian biodegradasi di dalam saluran pencernaan menggunakan medium simulasi perut (SGF), usus (SIF) dan kolon (SCF) secara in-vitro dengan kehadiran enzim. Hasil ujian ketoksikan menggunakan kaedah embrio ikan kuda belang (Danio rerio) telah memberikan keputusan yang negatif terhadap hidrogel yang diuji.

Kata kunci: Hidrogel; oral; pektin; pembawa ubat

ABSTRACT

This study focused on the application of pectin based hydrogel extracted from pitaya peels (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as a biomaterial for drug carrier. Five different pectin extraction samples were prepared at a ratio of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%. Hydrogel with additional of 1.0% extracted pectin showed the best swelling performance at pH 7. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the porosity of hydrogel has increased by adding the pectin. The potential of hydrogel as drug delivery was evaluated by drug encapsulation efficiency and drug release profile tests in a simulated gastric fluid (SGF), simulated intestine fluid (SIF) and simulated colon fluid (SCF) without enzyme. In-vitro biodegradation tests were carried out using SGF, SIF and SCF in the presence of the enzyme showed degradation of sample due to decomposition of pectin by pectinase in the colon. The toxicity study using zebra fish embryo (Danio rerio) gave a negative result towards the hydrogel.

Keywords: Drug carrier; hydrogel; oral; pectin

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*Corresponding author; email: azwanlazim@ukm.edu.my