Sains Malaysiana 50(1)(2021): 53-61

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5001-06

Genetic Characterization of the Central Javanese Duck using Microsatellite Markers

(Pencirian Genetik Itik Asli Jawa Tengah menggunakan Penanda Mikrosatelit)

R SUSANTI*, ARI YUNIASTUTI & AGUSTIN DIAN KARTIKASARI

Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang, 50229 Indonesia

Received: 9 April 2019/Accepted: 24 June 2020

ABSTRACT

Duck conservation strategy based on genetic characteristics has been undertaken to preserve indigenous breeds and produce high quality offspring. In addition, the genetic characteristic analysis provides further information for studying avian influenza viruses. The aim of this research was to study the genetic characterisation of indigenous Central Javanese duck in Indonesia using microsatellite markers. Microsatellite or simple sequence repeats (SSR) or short tandem repeats (STR) of various breeds of Central Javanese duck were analysed on 35 local ducks which consisted of seven variants of Javanese ducks in Central Java. Ten pairs of duck microsatellite primers were used to amplify the DNA from feathers. Nine out of 10 microsatellite loci (90%) demonstrated polymorphic patterns containing 50 alleles. The number of alelles varied from two to 10 alleles at various polymorphic microsatellite loci with an average of 5.56 alelles per locus. From the study, CAUD013 locus was determined as the highest heterozygosity with 0.882 score while CAUD030 locus was the lowest one with 0.034 score. Similarly, CAUD030 locus had the lowest PIC score (0.30) whereas the CAUD013 locus had the highest PIC value (0.869). Hence, it was showed that microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic in several loci for the Central Javanese duck and may be useful for genetic description of other native duck in terms of species conservation.

Keywords: Central Javanese Duck; genetic characterization; microsatellite

ABSTRAK

Strategi pemuliharaan itik berdasarkan pencirian genetik telah dijalankan untuk mengekalkan baka asli dan menghasilkan keturunan yang berkualiti tinggi. Di samping itu, analisis ciri genetik itik memberikan maklumat lanjut untuk mengkaji virus influenza avian. Tujuan penyelidikan ini adalah untuk mengkaji ciri genetik itik asli Jawa Tengah di Indonesia menggunakan penanda mikrosatelit. Mikrosatelit atau jujukan mudah berulang (SSR) atau jujukan tandem pendek (STR) daripada pelbagai baka itik Jawa Tengah telah dianalisis ke atas 35 ekor itik tempatan yang terdiri daripada tujuh varian itik Jawa di Jawa Tengah. Sebanyak 10 pasang primer mikrosatelit itik telah digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi DNA daripada bulu. Sebanyak 9 daripada 10 lokus mikrosatelit (90%) menunjukkan corak polimorfik yang mengandungi 50 alel. Bilangan alel didapati antara 2 hingga 10 alel di pelbagai lokus polimorfik mikrosatelit dengan purata 5.56 alel bagi setiap lokus. Daripada kajian ini, lokus CAUD013 telah ditentukan sebagai heterozigositi tertinggi dengan skor 0.882 manakala lokus CAUD030 adalah heterozigositi terendah dengan skor 0.034. Begitu juga, lokus CAUD030 mempunyai skor PIC terendah (0.30) sementara lokus CAUD013 mempunyai skor PIC tertinggi (0.869). Oleh itu, hasil telah menunjukkan bahawa penanda mikrosatelit mempunyai tahap polimorfik tertinggi pada beberapa lokus untuk itik Jawa Tengah dan kemungkinan berguna untuk deskripsi genetik itik asli yang lain untuk keperluan pemuliharaan.

Kata kunci: Itik Jawa Tengah; mikrosatelit; pencirian genetik

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*Corresponding author; email: r.susanti@mail.unnes.ac.id