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Sains Malaysiana 50(3)(2021): 559-570
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5003-01
Jatropha curcas L. and Pongamia pinnata L. Exhibited Differential Growth and Bioaccumulation Pattern Irrigated with Wastewater (Jatropha curcas L. dan Pongamia pinnata L. Mempamerkan Pertumbuhan Pembezaan dan Corak Bioakumulasi yang Diairkan dengan Air Buangan)
RAFIA
ABID*, SEEMA MAHMOOD, SAMAN ZAHRA, SHAZIA GHAFFAR, MAHWISH MALIK & SIBGHA
NOREEN
Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan
Received: 20 February 2020/Accepted: 27 August 2020
ABSTRACT
Pakistan currently faces an acute shortage of water,
which has increasingly been devastating for the past few decades. In order to
mitigate water scarcity, agriculture sector of the country started using
wastewater discharged from various industries. The present study aims to assess
the impact of fertilizer industry effluent on Jatropha curcas L. and Pongamia pinnata L.,
which are popular biofuel tree species. Initially, one-year-old saplings were
acclimatized in pots, then wastewater was applied in diluted concentrations of
effluent using 20 and 40 mL L-1 to the
treatment group while control plants were irrigated with tap water. The physico-chemical properties of the effluent showed high
values 179 mg L-1 for biological oxygen demand (BOD), 257 mg L-1 for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 1200 mg L-1 for total dissolved
solid (TDS), respectively. Surprisingly, high concentrations of arsenic (15 µg
L-1) and cadmium (0.78 mg L-1
Keywords: Heavy metals; Jatropha curcas; lipid peroxidation; photosynthetic
pigments; Pongamia pinnata
ABSTRAK
Pakistan baru-baru ini menghadapi kekurangan air yang teruk dan ia semakin teruk sejak beberapa dekad yang lalu. Bagi mengatasi kekurangan air, sektor pertanian di negara ini mula menggunakan air buangan yang dikeluarkan daripada pelbagai industri. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kesan efluen industri baja pada Jatropha curcas L. dan Pongamia pinnata L. yang merupakan spesies pokok bahan api biologi yang terkenal. Pada mulanya, anak pokok berusia satu tahun diaklimat dalam pasu, kemudian air sisa limbah digunakan dalam kepekatan efluen yang cair dengan menggunakan 20 dan 40 mL L-1 pada kelompok rawatan manakala tanaman kawalan diairi dengan air paip. Sifat fisiko-kimia efluen menunjukkan nilai yang tinggi masing-masing sebanyak 179 mg L-1 untuk permintaan oksigen biologi (BOD), 257 mg L-1 untuk permintaan oksigen kimia (COD) dan 1200 mg L-1 untuk jumlah pepejal terlarut (TDS). Anehnya, kepekatan arsenik (15 µg L-1) dan kadmium (0,78 mg L-1
Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas; logam berat; peroksidasi lipid; pigmen fotosintesis; Pongamia pinnata
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*Corresponding
author; email: profrafia@gmail.com
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