Sains Malaysiana 50(4)(2021): 919-928

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5004-04

Rare Earth Elements and Fractionation Of Zr-Hf and Y-Ho: Implication to Petrogenesis of Idanre Granite, Nigeria

(Unsur Langka Bumi dan Pecahan Zr-Hf dan Y-Ho: Implikasi terhadap Petrogenesis Granit Idanre, Nigeria)

AKINOLA O. OLAGOKE^1,2*, AZMAN A. GHANI^1,2 & ELVAENE JAMES^1,2,3

¹Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State Universit, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

²Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

³Department of Geoscience, Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 4 November 2019/Accepted: 18 September 2020

ABSTRACT

Idanre area which is situated within the Nigerian shield is affected by orogenic activities accompanied by emplacement of Pan-African granitoids. This paper presents a new information on geochemical behaviour of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and High Field Strength Elements (HFSEs) Zr-Hf and Y-Ho that can explain post magmatic processes relating to the origin and evolution of the Idanre granite. Zr-Hf, Hf-(Zr/Hf) and Y-Ho, (Y/Ho)-Ho variation diagrams depicted similar mobility and migration patterns for Zr, Hf, Y and Ho. Binary plots of Log Zr/Hf vs Log Hf, Log Y/Ho vs Log Ho; high LREE/HREE and negative Eu anomaly shows extensive plagioclase and calcic amphibole fractionation. High Ce/Yb values 113.49, 134.97, and 123.6 reflects low partial melting in the source rocks. Similar Zr/Hf ratios 39.16; 39.3 and 43.26 for members of the granite suite suggest a common source for the minimally differentiated magmatic fluid. Y/Ho ratios of 27.15, 27.12 and 25.91 indicate that the rock units are comagmatic. Mean Zr/Hf (41.69) and Y/Ho (27.18) ratios indicate the host migmatite may be the source rock for the Idanre granite complex.

Keywords: Comagmatic; Idanre granite complex; Pan-African granitoids; REEs; Zr/Hf

ABSTRAK

Kawasan Idanre yang terletak di dalam kawasan lindungan Nigeria dipengaruhi oleh aktiviti orogenik yang disertai oleh perletakan granitoid Pan-Africa. Kajian ini menyampaikan maklumat baru berkaitan dengan sifat Unsur-unsur Nadir Bumi (REE) dan Unsur Medan Kekuatan Tinggi (HFSE) Zr-Hf dan Y-Ho yang boleh menjelaskan proses selepas-magma berkaitan dengan asalan dan evolusi granit Idanre. Rajah variasi Zr-Hf, Hf-(Zr/Hf) dan Y-Ho, (Y/Ho)-Ho menunjukkan mobiliti dan corak penghijrahan yang sama untuk Zr, Hf, Y dan Ho. Plot perduaan Log Zr/Hf lawan Log Hf, Log Y/Ho lawan Log Ho; LREE/HREE tinggi dan Eu anomali negatif menunjukkan fraksinasi plagioklas dan amfibol kalsik yang luas. Nilai Ce/Yb yang tinggi iaitu 113.49, 134.97 dan 123.6 menunjukkan leburan separa yang rendah dalam batuan punca. Nisbah Zr/Hf menunjukkan nilai 39.16; 39.3 dan 43.26 untuk ahli-ahli suit granit turut mencadangkan pembezaan cecair magma yang kecil untuk punca yang sama. Nisbah Y/Ho iaitu 27.15, 27.12 dan 25.91 menunjukkan unit-unit batuan ialah batuan semagma. Purata nisbah Zr/Hf (41.69) dan Y/Ho (27.18) menunjukkan migmatit mungkin boleh menjadi batuan punca untuk kompleks granit Idanre.

Kata kunci: Granitoid Pan-Africa; kompleks granit Idanre; REE, semagma; Zr/Hf

REFERENCES

Ajibade, A.C., Woakes, M. & Rahaman, M.A. 1987. Proterozoic crustal development in the Pan-African regime of Nigeria. In Proterozoic Lithospheric Evolution, edited by Kroner, A. Washington DC: AGU. pp. 1-17.

Anifowose, A.Y.B. & Kolawole, F. 2011. Talus Caves: Geotourist attractions formed by spheroidal and exfoliation weathering on Akure-Ado Inselbergs, Southwestern Nigeria. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management 4(3): 1-6.

Bau, M. 1996. Controls on the fractionation of isovalent trace elements in magmatic and aqueous systems: Evidence from Y/Ho, Zr/Hf and Lanthanide tetrad effect. Contribution of Mineralogy and Petrology 123(3): 323-333.

Bea, F. 1996. Residence of REE, Y, Th and U in granites and crustal protoliths: Implications for the chemistry of crustal melts. Journal of Petrology 37(3): 521-552.

Clark, A.M. 1984. Mineralogy of the rare earth elements. In Rare Earth Geochemistry: Developments in Geochemistry 2, edited by Henderson, P. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 33-61.

Dada, S.S. 2008. Proterozoic evolution of the Nigeria-Boborema province. Geological Society of London Special Publication 294: 121-136.

Dalpé, C. & Baker, D.R. 2000. Experimental investigation of large-ion-lithophile-element, high-field-strength-element- and rare-earth-element-partitioning between calcic amphibole and basaltic melt: The effects of pressure and oxygen fugacity. Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology 140: 233-250.

Ekwueme, B.N. & Kröner, A. 1992. Preliminary zircon evaporation ages from migmatitic gneisses in Kaduna, northern Nigeria: Evidence for an early Archaean (Pre-Leonian) event in the Nigerian basement complex. IGCP 280 International Conference. Salvador, Brazil.                 

Ferré, E.C., Deleris, J., Bouchez, J.L., Lar, A.U. & Peucat, J.L. 1996. The Pan-African reactivation of Eburnean and Archaean provinces in Nigeria: Structural and isotopic data. Journal of the Geological Society of London 153(5): 719-728.

Ghani, A.A., Muzammil, S., Ng, T.F., Noer, E.H.I., Mohamad, T.M.Z., Nur, I., Quek, L.X., Ahmad, F.A.B., Meor, H.A.H., Jasmi, H.A.A. & Amira, F.M. 2019. Ce Anomaly in I-type granitic soil from Kuantan, Peninsular Malaysia: Retention of zircon in the weathering product. Sains Malaysiana 48(2): 309-315.

Goodenough, K.M., Lusty, P.A.J., Roberts, N.M.W., Key, R.M. & Garba, A. 2014. Post-collisional Pan-African granitoids and rare metal pegmatites in western Nigeria: Age, petrogenesis, and the ‘pegmatite conundrum’. Lithos 200-201: 22-34.

Gromet, L.P. & Silver, L.T. 1983. Rare earth element distributions among accessory minerals in a granodiorite and their petrogenetic implications. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 47(5): 925-939.

Hoshino, M., Kimata, M., Shimizu, M., Nishida, N. & Fujiwara, T. 2006. Allanite-(Ce) in granitic rocks from Japan: Genetic implications of patterns of REE and Mn enrichment. The Canadian Mineralogist 44(1): 45-62.

Jamali, H. 2017. The behavior of rare-earth elements, zirconium and hafnium during magma evolution and their application in determining mineralized magmatic suites in subduction zones: constraints from the Cenozoic belts of Iran. Ore Geology Reviews 81(Part 1): 270-279.

James, E., Ghani, A.A., Asis, J. & Simon, N. 2019. Subduction roles for neogene volcanic rocks in Semporna Peninsula: Petrology and geochemistry perspective. Sains Malaysiana 48(11): 2473-2481.

Kogarko, L.N. 2016. Geochemistry of fractionation of coherent elements (Zr and Hf) during the profound differentiation of peralkaline magmatic systems: A case study of Lovozero Complex. Geochemistry International 54(1): 1-6.

Linnen, R.L., Samson, I.M., Williams-Jonse, A.E. & Chakhmouradian, A.R. 2014. Geochemistry of the rare-earth element, Nb, Ta, Hf and Zr deposits. Treatise on Geochemistry 13: 543-568.

Nagasawa, H. 1970. Rare earth concentrations in zircons and apatites and their dacites and granites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 9(4): 359-364.

Odeyemi, I.B. 1990. The petrology of a Pan-African pluton in Igarra, Southwestern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Science 24(1&2): 181-193.

Ogunleye, P.O., Ike, E.C. & Garba, I. 2005. Geochemical characteristics of the niobium-rich arfvedsonite granites, Younger Granites province of Nigeria. Chemie der Erde 65(3): 279-296.

Rahaman, M.A. 1988. Recent advances in the study of the basement complex of Nigeria. In 1^st Symposium on Pre-Cambrian Geology of Nigeria Proceeding. Special publication of Geological Survey of Nigeria 1: 11-41.

Richards, J.P. 2005. Cumulative factors in the generation of giant calc-alkaline porphyry Cu deposits. In Super Porphyry Copper and Gold Deposits: A Global Perspective, edited by Linden Park. South Australia: Porter Geoscience Consulting Publishing. pp. 259-274.

Taylor, S.R. 1962. Meteoritic and terrestrial rare earth abundance patterns. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 26(1): 81-88.

Tobosun, I.A. 1981. Chronologie U/Pb evenements magmatiques du socle Precambrien du sudouest du Nigeria. PhD dissertation (Unpublished).

Umor, M.R., Ghani, A.A. & Muda, N. 2019. Diversity of rocks in the stong complex based on field and petrographic studies. Sains Malaysiana 48(11): 2551-2563.

Zuddas, P., Ingualliato, C., Censi, P. & Alessandro, W.D. 2017. Zr-Hf fractionation during Water-Rock Interaction. 15th Water-Rock Interaction International Symposium, WRI-15, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 17: 670-673.

*Corresponding author; email: azmangeo@um.edu.my