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http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5110-01
Phylogenetic
Relationships and Morphological Variation of Gymnures (Galericidae: Hylomys) from Genting Highlands,
Pahang, Malaysia
(Hubungan Filogenetik dan Variasi Morfologi Tikus Babi (Galericidae: Hylomys) daripada Tanah
Tinggi Genting, Pahang, Malaysia)
MUHAMMAD
FARHAN ABD WAHAB1, MASAHARU MOTOKAWA2, FAISAL ALI
ANWARALI KHAN3, DHARINI PATHMANATHAN4 & HASMAHZAITI
OMAR1,5,*
1Institute of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
2The Kyoto
University Museum, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
3Faculty of Resource Science
and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300
Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
4Institute of Mathematical
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
5Museum of Zoology (Block F14),
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
Received:
11 February 2022/Accepted: 2 June 2022
Abstract
Gymnures from the
genus Hylomys are widely distributed across Sundaland and the Indochinese region. However, the
relationships among its members in Peninsular Malaysia especially from Genting
Highlands are still lacking. This study aims to examine the morphology and
genetically analyse of the Hylomys specimens collected from the new isolated population of Genting Highlands,
Pahang, Malaysia. Morphometric analyses showed that morphological variation
exists among the Hylomys lineage. The external
morphology and the skull measurements of the taxa studied coincide with those
of Hylomys maxi from Peninsular
Malaysia and Sumatra based on descriptive statistics and principal component
analysis (PCA). The differences within the Hylomys taxa are also evident in the phylogenetic tree and K2P genetic distances
analyses inferred from cyt b. Hylomys samples from Genting Highlands formed a
clade with H. maxi from Cameron Highlands and Fraser’s Hill, Peninsular
Malaysia and Sumatra. However, they were separated from Hylomys parvus(Sumatra), Hylomys suillus (Java) and Hylomys dorsalis (Borneo). Relatively, low genetic distances were detected
among the studied taxa with other H. maxi (<6% K2P distance) while
high genetic distances were observed when compared to other Hylomys taxa (>18.0% K2P distance). Based on these facts, we confirm that the gymnures
from Genting Highlands belong to a valid species, Hylomys maxi along with other Peninsular Malaysia samples based on genetics and
morphological data which probably originated from Sumatra a long time ago.
Keywords: Biogeography; Eulipotyphyla; genetic relationships; morphology;
Peninsular Malaysia
Abstrak
Tikus
babi daripada genus Hylomys mempunyai taburan yang luas di Sundaland dan
Indochina. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian mengenai hubungan antara kumpulan tikus
babi di Semenanjung Malaysia terutamanya dari Tanah Tinggi Genting masih
kurang dijalankan. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji morfologi dan
menganalisis secara genetik spesimen Hylomys yang dikumpul daripada
populasi baru Tanah Tinggi Genting, Pahang, Malaysia. Analisis morfometrik
mendedahkan bahawa variasi morfologi wujud dalam kalangan Hylomys.
Morfologi luaran dan ukuran tengkorak takson yang dikaji bertepatan dengan Hylomys
maxi dari Semenanjung Malaysia dan Sumatera berdasarkan statistik
deskriptif dan analisis komponen utama (PCA). Perbezaan dalam takson Hylomys juga jelas pada pokok filogenetik dan analisis jarak genetik K2P berdasarkan
urutan gen cyt b. Sampel Hylomys dari Tanah Tinggi Genting
membentuk klad dengan H. maxi dari Tanah Tinggi Cameron dan Bukit
Fraser, Semenanjung Malaysia dan Sumatera. Walau bagaimanapun, mereka
dipisahkan daripada Hylomys parvus (Sumatera), Hylomys suillus (Jawa) dan Hylomys dorsalis (Borneo). Secara relatifnya, jarak genetik
yang rendah dikesan dalam kalangan takson yang dikaji dengan H. maxi lain
(<6% jarak K2P) manakala jarak genetik yang tinggi diperhatikan jika
dibandingkan dengan takson Hylomys yang lain (>18.0% jarak K2P).
Berdasarkan fakta ini, kami mengesahkan bahawa tikus babi daripada Tanah Tinggi
Genting tergolong dalam spesies yang sah, Hylomys maxi bersama sampel
Semenanjung Malaysia yang lain berdasarkan data genetik dan morfologi yang
mungkin berasal dari Sumatera pada satu masa dahulu.
Kata kunci: Biogeografi; Eulipotyphyla; hubungan genetik;
morfologi; Semenanjung Malaysia
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*Corresponding
author; email: zaiti_1978@um.edu.my
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