Sains Malaysiana 51(12)(2022): 3937-3948

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5112-06

Doubled Haploid Rice Lines Production through Anther Culture of F₁ Derived from Abiotic Stress Tolerant Parents

(Pengeluaran Titis Beras Haploid Berganda melalui Kultur Anter Terbitan daripada Induk Tahan Tekanan Abiotik)

CUCU GUNARSIH^1,2, BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO^1,*, ISWARI SARASWATI DEWI³, WILLY BAYUARDI SUWARNO¹ & NAFISAH²

¹Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

²Indonesian Center for Rice Research, Sukamandi, Jl. Raya IX, Sukamandi Subang, Indonesia

³Research Center for Food Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center – Botanical Garden, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor No. Km. 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia

Received: 28 October 2021/Accepted: 19 August 2022

Abstract

Anther culture is one of the feasible technologies for accelerating rice breeding programs. This research aimed at determining the anther culture ability and doubled-haploid plants production of eight F₁s derived from single crosses between indica rice parents that had a single or multiple abiotic stresses tolerance. The experiment was conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) with 15 replications. Medium for callus induction was based on N6 + 2.0 mg L^-1 NAA +0.5 mg L^-1 kinetin + 1 mM putrescine, while the regeneration medium was based on MS + 0.5 mg L^-1 NAA + 2.0 mg L^- kinetin ¹ + 1 mM putrescine. Medium for rooting was MS + 0.5 mg L^-1 IBA. The results indicated that all F₁ populations gave varied responses to callus induction and plant regeneration. The F₁populations from HS4-11-1-2/B13926E-KA-23 had higher anther culture ability compared to other seven F₁ populations as indicated by the efficiency in callus formation and plant regeneration. Overall, the number of doubled haploid individuals (DHs) obtained was 158. F₁ populations using HS4-11-1-2 as female parent, HS4-11-1-2/B13926E-KA-23 and HS4-11-1-2/CG8-93-1-1 contributed 45.4% and 34.9% doubled haploid individuals, respectively. The developed DHs lines need to be morphologically and agronomically characterized as well as screened under different combinations of abiotic stress to identify high-yielding and abiotic stress tolerant individuals for further rice breeding program.

Keywords: Anther culture ability; callus induction; characterization; doubled haploid; rice breeding

Abstrak

Kultur anter adalah salah satu teknologi yang boleh dilaksanakan untuk mempercepatkan program pembiakbakaan padi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kemampuan kultur anter dan pengeluaran tanaman haploid berganda bagi lapan populasi F₁ yang berasal daripada persilangan tunggal induk padi indica yang tahan terhadap tekanan abiotik tunggal atau berganda. Uji kaji ini dijalankan menggunakan reka bentuk rawak lengkap (CRD) dengan 15 replikasi. Medium untuk aruhan kalus adalah berdasarkan N6 + 2.0 mg L^-1 NAA+ 0.5 mg L^-1 kinetin+ 1 mM putrescine, manakala medium penjanaan semula adalah berasaskan MS + 0.5 mg L^-1 NAA + 2.0 mgL^-1 kinetin + 1 mM putrescine. Medium untuk pengakaran ialah MS + 0.5 mg L^-1 IBA. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa semua populasi F₁ memberikan tindak balas yang berbeza-beza terhadap aruhan kalus dan penjanaan semula tumbuhan. Populasi F₁ daripada HS4-11-1-2/B13926E-KA-23 mempunyai keupayaan kultur anter yang lebih tinggi berbanding tujuh populasi F₁ lain seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh kecekapan dalam pembentukan kalus dan penjanaan semula tumbuhan. Secara keseluruhan, bilangan individu haploid berganda (DH) yang diperoleh adalah sebanyak 158. Populasi F₁ yang menggunakan HS4-11-1-2 sebagai induk betina, HS4-11-1-2/B13926E-KA-23 dan HS4-11-1-2/CG8-93-1-1 masing-masing menyumbang 45.4% dan 34.9% individu DH. Titisan DH yang dibangunkan perlu dicirikan secara morfologi dan agronomi serta disaring di bawah gabungan tekanan abiotik yang berbeza untuk mengenal pasti individu berhasil tinggi dan tahan terhadap tekanan abiotik untuk program pembiakbakaan padi selanjutnya.

Kata kunci: Aruhan kalus; haploid berganda; kemampuan kultur anter; pembiakbakaan padi

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^*Corresponding author; email: bspurwoko@apps.ipb.ac.id