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Sains Malaysiana 51(12)(2022):
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5112-13
A Study on Antibacterial,
Antioxidant, and Hepatoprotective Efficacy of Elephantopus scaber L.
(Suatu Kajian Keberkesanan Antibakteria, Antioksidan dan Hepatopelindung Elephantopus scaber L.)
NGUYEN
TRONG HONG PHUC* & PHAN THANH DAT
School
of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Received: 19 April 2022/Accepted: 9 August 2022
Abstract
Elephantopus scaber is an herb widely used in
folk remedies in Vietnam, especially in the treatment of liver disease.
However, scientific studies evaluating the activity and ability to treat the
disease in a scientific way are still very limited. This study evaluated the
antibacterial, antioxidant, acute toxicity and hepatoprotective efficacy of E. scaber extracts. The extracts restricted the growth of 6 types of bacteria, being
particularly most effective against E.
coli. It was found that the E. scaber leaves extract was more efficient than root,
stem, flower, and whole plant extracts. DPPH assay showed that the flower
extract had the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 = 60.29 µg/mL).
The E. scaber extracts (>5000 mg/kg) also did not cause acute toxicity in mice.
Additionally, the extracts effectively protected and recovered mice liver cells
damaged by CCl4. The reduction of mice liver enzyme levels (AST and
ALT) was similar between the extracts and silymarin. This hepatoprotective
efficiency was also illustrated by the morphology and histology of the mice
liver cells. The extracts healed mice liver cells by recovering the cell
diameter, reducing inflammation swelling and increasing Hb concentration.
Keywords: Acute toxicity; antibacterial;
antioxidant; Elephantopus scaber; hepatoprotective
Abstrak
Elephantopus
scaber ialah herba yang digunakan
secara meluas dalam ubat-ubatan di Vietnam, terutamanya dalam rawatan penyakit
hati. Walau
bagaimanapun, kajian saintifik untuk menilai aktiviti dan keupayaan untuk
merawat penyakit secara saintifik masih sangat terhad. Kajian ini
menilai keberkesanan antibakteria, antioksidan, ketoksikan akut dan hepatopelindung ekstrak E. scaber. Ekstrak ini
merencat pertumbuhan 6 jenis bakteria, paling berkesan terutamanya terhadap E. coli. Didapati bahawa ekstrak daun E. scaber lebih cekap daripada ekstrak akar, batang, bunga dan
keseluruhan tumbuhan. Ujian DPPH menunjukkan bahawa ekstrak bunga mempunyai
aktiviti antioksidan yang paling tinggi (EC50 = 60.29 µg/mL). Ekstrak E. scaber (>5000 mg/kg) juga tidak
menyebabkan ketoksikan akut pada tikus. Selain itu, ekstrak berkesan melindungi dan memulihkan
sel hati tikus yang rosak oleh CCl4. Pengurangan tahap enzim hati tikus (AST dan ALT) adalah
serupa antara ekstrak dan silimarin. Kecekapan hepatopelindung ini juga digambarkan oleh morfologi dan histologi sel
hati tikus. Ekstrak itu menyembuhkan sel hati tikus dengan memulihkan
diameter sel, mengurangkan bengkak keradangan dan meningkatkan kepekatan Hb.
Kata kunci: Antibakteria; antioksidan; Elephantopus scaber; hepatopelindung; ketoksikan akut
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*Corresponding author; email: nthphuc@ctu.edu.vn
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